绝经的内分泌学
Endocrinology of the Menopause.
作者信息
Hall Janet E
机构信息
Reproductive Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02460, USA; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 111 TW Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
出版信息
Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2015 Sep;44(3):485-96. doi: 10.1016/j.ecl.2015.05.010.
Abstract
In women, age-related changes in ovarian function begin in the mid-30s with decreased fertility and compensatory hormonal changes in the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis that maintain follicle development and estrogen secretion in the face of a waning pool of ovarian follicles. The menopause transition is characterized by marked variability in follicle development, ovulation, bleeding patterns, and symptoms of hyper- and hypoestrogenism. The menopause, which is clinically defined by the last menstrual period, is followed by the consistent absence of ovarian secretion of estradiol.
摘要
在女性中，与年龄相关的卵巢功能变化始于35岁左右，此时生育能力下降，下丘脑 - 垂体 - 性腺轴会发生代偿性激素变化，以在卵巢卵泡池逐渐减少的情况下维持卵泡发育和雌激素分泌。围绝经期的特征是卵泡发育、排卵、出血模式以及雌激素过多和雌激素缺乏症状存在显著差异。临床上以末次月经定义的绝经之后，卵巢持续不再分泌雌二醇。
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