Singh Surjit, Sharma Dhrubajyoti, Bhattad Sagar, Phillip Saji
Pediatric Allergy Immunology Unit, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India.
Kawasaki Disease Foundation of India, St. Gregorios Cardiovascular Centre, Parumala, Kerala, India.
Indian J Pediatr. 2016 Jan;83(1):47-52. doi: 10.1007/s12098-015-1858-4. Epub 2015 Aug 30.
Kawasaki disease (KD) is the most common cause of acquired heart disease in children in Japan, North America and Europe. It is now being increasingly recognized from the developing countries as well. If not diagnosed and treated in time, KD can result in coronary artery abnormalities in approximately 15-25% cases. The long-term consequences of these abnormalities may manifest in adults as myocardial ischemia and congestive heart failure. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) remains the drug of choice for treatment of KD, but several new agents like infliximab, cyclosporine, glucocorticoids and statins are now being increasingly used in these patients. While echocardiography has been the preferred imaging modality hitherto, CT coronary angiography has emerged as an exciting new supplementary option and provides an entirely new dimension to this disease. The incidence of KD has shown a progressive increase in several countries and it is likely that this disease would impact public health programmes in the near future even in the developing countries.
川崎病（KD）是日本、北美和欧洲儿童后天性心脏病的最常见病因。现在，发展中国家对该病的认识也日益增加。如果不及时诊断和治疗，约15%-25%的川崎病病例会导致冠状动脉异常。这些异常的长期后果在成人中可能表现为心肌缺血和充血性心力衰竭。静脉注射免疫球蛋白（IVIg）仍然是治疗川崎病的首选药物，但现在英夫利昔单抗、环孢素、糖皮质激素和他汀类药物等几种新药在这些患者中越来越多地被使用。虽然超声心动图一直是迄今为止首选的成像方式，但CT冠状动脉造影已成为一种令人兴奋的新辅助选择，并为这种疾病提供了全新的视角。川崎病的发病率在几个国家呈逐步上升趋势，即使在发展中国家，这种疾病也可能在不久的将来对公共卫生计划产生影响。
