Nachajova M, Brany D, Dvorska D
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University, Mala Hora 4A, 036 01, Martin, Slovak Republic.
Tumour Biol. 2015 Sep;36(10):7335-8. doi: 10.1007/s13277-015-3976-z. Epub 2015 Aug 30.
The integration of HPV infection in the epithelial cells is a key step in the induction of malignant changes of cervical cancer. In addition, there appear also other genomic alterations. Multi-step nature of carcinogenesis includes sequential accumulation of genetic changes that lead to invasive growth and progression. It is therefore necessary to understand the cervical carcinogenesis accompanied by chromosomal aberrations. The most common aberrations contain regions 5p15 and 3q26 coding the enzyme telomerase. For cervical cancer, telomerase is already active in case of precancerous lesions. Amplification of chromosomal region 3q26 detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization has the highest combined sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing low-grade lesion of high-grade lesions or invasive disease compared to the liquid-based cytology (LBC) and HPV DNA.
人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染上皮细胞是诱发宫颈癌恶性病变的关键步骤。此外，还会出现其他基因组改变。癌症发生的多步骤性质包括导致侵袭性生长和进展的遗传变化的顺序积累。因此，有必要了解伴有染色体畸变的宫颈癌发生过程。最常见的畸变包含编码端粒酶的5p15和3q26区域。对于宫颈癌，端粒酶在癌前病变时就已活跃。与液基细胞学（LBC）和HPV DNA相比，通过荧光原位杂交检测到的染色体区域3q26扩增在区分高级别病变或浸润性疾病的低级别病变方面具有最高的综合敏感性和特异性。
