Al Qassabi Salim S, Al-Harthi Saud M, Al-Osali Magdi E
Department of Internal Medicine, Al Nahda Hospital, Muscat, Oman. E-mail.
Saudi Med J. 2015 Sep;36(9):1115-7. doi: 10.15537/smj.2015.9.11778.
Gynecomastia is an enlargement of male breast resulting from a proliferation of its glandular component, and it is usually due to an altered estrogen-androgen balance. It should be differentiated from pseudogynecomastia, which is characterized by fat deposition without glandular proliferation and from breast carcinoma. Gynecomastia could be physiological in neonates and pubertal or pathological due to drug intake, chronic liver, or renal disease, hyperthyroidism, testicular or adrenal neoplasms, and hypogonadism whether primary, or secondary. Properly organized work-up is needed to reach the cause of gynecomastia. Here, we reported a case of a young Omani man with gynecomastia with the aim of creating awareness of the occurrence of Klinefelter's syndrome (KS) in patients with gynecomastia, to observe any differences in clinical presentation of KS from those reported in the literature, and highlight the needed diagnostic work-up and treatment.
男性乳房肥大是由于男性乳腺的腺性成分增生导致的男性乳房增大，通常是由于雌激素与雄激素平衡改变所致。它应与假性男性乳房肥大相鉴别，假性男性乳房肥大的特征是脂肪沉积而无腺体增生，同时还应与乳腺癌相鉴别。男性乳房肥大在新生儿期和青春期可能是生理性的，也可能是由于药物摄入、慢性肝病、肾病、甲状腺功能亢进、睾丸或肾上腺肿瘤以及原发性或继发性性腺功能减退等病理性原因引起的。需要进行合理安排的检查以明确男性乳房肥大的病因。在此，我们报告了一例患有男性乳房肥大的阿曼年轻男性病例，目的是提高对男性乳房肥大患者中克氏综合征（KS）发生情况的认识，观察KS临床表现与文献报道的差异，并强调所需的诊断检查和治疗。
