Alem Nabil, Frikh Mohammed, Srifi Abdellatif, Maleb Adil, Chadli Mariama, Sekhsokh Yassine, Louzi Lhoucin, Ibrahimi Azzedine, Lemnouer Abdelhay, Elouennass Mostafa
Hôpital Militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco.
Faculté de Médicine et de Pharmacie de Rabat Université Mohammed V Souissi, Rabat, Morocco.
BMC Res Notes. 2015 Aug 30;8:392. doi: 10.1186/s13104-015-1380-9.
Escherichia coli (E. coli) is the most commonly isolated bacteria in human pathology. In Morocco the data concerning the nature and the rates of antibiotic resistance of E. coli in both hospitals and city environment remains relatively poor and needs further investigations.
During a 16 months period, E. coli isolates were collected from different culture specimens received in the Bacteriology Department of the Military teaching Hospital Mohammed-V-Rabat for routine diagnostic purposes. E. coli isolates were identified and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern was determined.
A total of 1369 E. coli isolates comprising 33% (1369/4110) of culture-positive samples were consecutively collected. Isolates of E. coli were, in 40.5% (554/1369) of cases from hospitalized patients and in 59.5% (815/1369) of cases from outpatients. Urine isolates represented 82% (1123/1369) of the cases. High rates of resistance were found for amoxicillin (42.5%), cefalotin (30.4%), norfoloxacin (29.9%) and sulfamethoxazole (37.7%). The detection rate of ESBL was 6.1% (85/1369). In hospitalized patients 11.9% of the isolates of E. coli (66/554) had an ESBL phenotype while in outpatients cases only 2.3% of isolates of E. coli (19/815) had this phenotype.
Our findings suggest that more judicious use of antibiotics is needed especially in probabilistic treatment. The emergence of ESBL in the Moroccan cities is an indicator of the severity of this problem that is not limited to health care facilities.
大肠杆菌是人类病理学中最常分离出的细菌。在摩洛哥，关于医院和城市环境中大肠杆菌的性质及抗生素耐药率的数据仍然相对匮乏，需要进一步调查。
在16个月的时间里，从穆罕默德五世 - 拉巴特军事教学医院细菌学部门接收的用于常规诊断目的的不同培养标本中收集大肠杆菌分离株。对大肠杆菌分离株进行鉴定并确定其抗菌药敏模式。
共连续收集了1369株大肠杆菌分离株，占培养阳性样本的33%（1369/4110）。大肠杆菌分离株中，40.5%（554/1369）来自住院患者，59.5%（815/1369）来自门诊患者。尿液分离株占病例的82%（1123/1369）。阿莫西林（42.5%）、头孢噻吩（30.4%）、诺氟沙星（29.9%）和磺胺甲恶唑（37.7%）的耐药率较高。ESBL的检出率为6.1%（85/1369）。在住院患者中，11.9%的大肠杆菌分离株（66/554）具有ESBL表型，而在门诊患者中，只有2.3%的大肠杆菌分离株（19/815）具有该表型。
我们的研究结果表明，需要更明智地使用抗生素，尤其是在经验性治疗中。摩洛哥城市中ESBL的出现表明这个问题的严重性，且不仅限于医疗保健机构。
