慢性肾脏病患者的初级护理

Primary Care of the Patient with Chronic Kidney Disease.

作者信息

Kiefer Meghan M, Ryan Michael J

机构信息

Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.

Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.

出版信息

Med Clin North Am. 2015 Sep;99(5):935-52. doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2015.05.003.

DOI:10.1016/j.mcna.2015.05.003

PMID:26320040

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined by reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate, increased proteinuria, or both. CKD affects more than 10% of US adults, or 20 million people, and the numbers are rising as the population ages. However, CKD remains underdiagnosed. Diabetes and hypertension are the most common causes of CKD. Although end-stage renal disease is a feared complication of CKD, patients with CKD have a much greater risk of dying of cardiovascular (CV) disease than progressing to kidney failure. Special effort should be made to address modifiable CV risk factors in patients with CKD.

摘要

慢性肾脏病（CKD）的定义是估算肾小球滤过率降低、蛋白尿增加或两者兼有。CKD影响超过10%的美国成年人，即2000万人，且随着人口老龄化，这一数字还在上升。然而，CKD仍未得到充分诊断。糖尿病和高血压是CKD最常见的病因。虽然终末期肾病是CKD令人恐惧的并发症，但CKD患者死于心血管（CV）疾病的风险比进展为肾衰竭的风险要大得多。应特别努力解决CKD患者中可改变的CV危险因素。