哮喘患者的初级护理。

Primary Care of the Patient with Asthma.

作者信息

Lenaeus Michael J, Hirschmann Jan

机构信息

Department of General Internal Medicine, University of Washington Medical Center, 1959 Northeast Pacific Street, Box 356429, Seattle, WA 98195-6429, USA.

Department of General Internal Medicine, Puget Sound VA Medical Center, University of Washington School of Medicine, 1660 South Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108, USA.

出版信息

Med Clin North Am. 2015 Sep;99(5):953-67. doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2015.05.007.

DOI:10.1016/j.mcna.2015.05.007

PMID:26320041

Abstract

Obstructive lung disease includes asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Because a previous issue of Medical Clinics of North America (2012;96[4]) was devoted to COPD, this article focuses on asthma in adults, and addresses some topics about COPD not addressed previously. Asthma is a heterogeneous disease marked by variable airflow obstruction and bronchial hyperreactivity. Onset is most common in early childhood, although many people develop asthma later in life. Adult-onset asthma presents a particular challenge in the primary care clinic because of incomplete understanding of the disorder, underreporting of symptoms, underdiagnosis, inadequate treatment, and high rate of comorbidity.

摘要

阻塞性肺病包括哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）。由于《北美医学临床》之前的一期（2012年；96[4]）专门讨论了COPD，本文重点关注成人哮喘，并探讨一些之前未涉及的关于COPD的话题。哮喘是一种异质性疾病，其特征为气流受限和支气管高反应性可变。虽然许多人在生命后期才患上哮喘，但发病最常见于儿童早期。由于对该疾病的认识不全面、症状报告不足、诊断不足、治疗不充分以及合并症发生率高，成人发病的哮喘在基层医疗诊所中面临着特殊的挑战。