Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Air Pollution Control, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
J Environ Health Sci Eng. 2014 Aug 6;12:110. doi: 10.1186/s40201-014-0110-x. eCollection 2014.
In recent years, increasing dust storms from western neighboring countries of Iran influenced western and central parts of the country. In this case, level of concentration of atmospheric particulate matter greater than 10 μm (PM10) remained higher for several days compared to the levels before the event. Accordingly, Suspended particulate matters of dust storms in western Iran have caused PM10 pollution in Sanandaj (capital of the Iranian province of Kurdistan) and other Iranian cities. The present study aimed to evaluate possible effects of dust storms on incidence of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases among residents of Sanandaj.
Dust storm events defined based on the Environmental Protection Administration and Meteorological Announcements, 21 March 2009 to 21 June 2010. Data related to the dust events associated with cardiovascular and respiratory diseases were obtained from the Center for Disaster and Emergency Medicine of Sanandaj, Iran. PM10 concentration and air quality data were obtained from air quality monitoring agency of Kurdistan Provincial Directorate of Environment Protection. Daily PM10 measurements were performed automatically according to β-ray absorption. Data were statistically analyzed using SPSS and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Also, linear regression model was used to investigate the relationship between variables.
The average PM10 levels during dust episodes (187 μg/m(3)) were significantly higher than the other days (48.7 μg/m(3)). In addition, correlation coefficient between PM10 level and number of cardiovascular and emergency service during dust events were equal to 0.48 (P <0.05) and 0.19 (P >0.05) respectively.
Our findings showed significant increase in emergency admissions for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases during dust storms episode in Sanandaj. Although correlation between respiratory diseases and dust storm events were statistically insignificant (0.19), numbers of cardiovascular diseases were significantly correlated with dust storm events (0.48).
近年来，来自伊朗西部邻国的沙尘暴日益增多，影响了该国的西部和中部地区。在这种情况下，大气颗粒物浓度（大于 10μm 的 PM10）在事件发生后的几天内仍高于事件发生前的水平。因此，来自伊朗西部的沙尘暴悬浮颗粒物导致伊朗桑南达杰（库尔德斯坦省首府）和其他伊朗城市的 PM10 污染。本研究旨在评估沙尘暴对桑南达杰居民心血管和呼吸道疾病发病率的可能影响。
沙尘暴事件是根据环境保护署和气象公告定义的，时间为 2009 年 3 月 21 日至 2010 年 6 月 21 日。与心血管和呼吸道疾病相关的沙尘暴事件相关数据是从伊朗桑南达杰灾害和紧急医学中心获得的。PM10 浓度和空气质量数据是从库尔德斯坦省环境部空气质量监测机构获得的。PM10 测量值是根据β射线吸收自动进行的，数据使用 SPSS 和 Pearson 相关系数进行统计分析。还使用线性回归模型来研究变量之间的关系。
沙尘暴期间的平均 PM10 水平（187μg/m3）明显高于其他天数（48.7μg/m3）。此外，PM10 水平与沙尘暴期间心血管和急救服务人数之间的相关系数分别为 0.48（P<0.05）和 0.19（P>0.05）。
我们的研究结果表明，在桑南达杰，沙尘暴期间心血管和呼吸道疾病的急诊入院人数显著增加。虽然呼吸道疾病与沙尘暴事件之间的相关性无统计学意义（0.19），但心血管疾病的数量与沙尘暴事件呈显著相关（0.48）。
