Makara-Studzińśka Marta Teresa, Kryś-Noszczyk Karolina Maria, Jakiel Grzegorz
Department of Applied Psychology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland.
1 Clinic for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Postgraduate Medical Education Center in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Prz Menopauzalny. 2014 Jun;13(3):203-11. doi: 10.5114/pm.2014.43827. Epub 2014 Jun 30.
The age of menopause is a time of many changes in the psychophysical-social functioning of women, with reduced ovarian hormonal activity and estrogen levels. The most common, troublesome symptoms of menopause age include depressive disorders, sleep disorders, sexual dysfunction, discomfort associated with muscle pain, joint aches, osteoporosis and characteristic hot flashes.
Aim of the study is to determine and compare the rate of menopausal symptoms among women living in continents of both Americas, Africa, Australia and Eurasia.
The results of this work were obtained in 2014 on the basis of the data from a review of the 64 most important studies using the PubMed database. Research published in the period 2000-2014, from Africa, both Americas, Australia and Eurasia, were taken into account.
The prevalence of menopausal symptoms in African women is disconcertingly high. Women from South America complain about occurrence of depressive, sexual dysfunctions and discomfort associated with muscle pain and joint aches. Symptoms most reported by women in the United States are pains associated with muscles and joints. Women in Australia suffer mainly due to vasomotor symptoms and sexual dysfunction, while in the group of women surveyed in Asia there is observed an alarming increase in the proportion of women reporting depressive disorders. In Europe there was a much greater incidence of sleep disorders and depressive disorders.
Women around the world suffer from ailments characteristic for the menopausal period regardless of ethnic origin, skin color or socio-demographic factors.
绝经年龄是女性心理-生理-社会功能发生诸多变化的时期，卵巢激素活性和雌激素水平降低。绝经年龄最常见、最麻烦的症状包括抑郁症、睡眠障碍、性功能障碍、与肌肉疼痛、关节疼痛、骨质疏松症以及典型潮热相关的不适。
本研究的目的是确定并比较生活在美洲、非洲、澳大利亚和欧亚大陆的女性的绝经症状发生率。
这项工作的结果于2014年基于对使用PubMed数据库的64项最重要研究的综述数据得出。考虑了2000年至2014年期间在非洲、美洲、澳大利亚和欧亚大陆发表的研究。
非洲女性绝经症状的患病率高得令人不安。南美洲女性抱怨出现抑郁、性功能障碍以及与肌肉疼痛和关节疼痛相关的不适。美国女性报告最多的症状是与肌肉和关节相关的疼痛。澳大利亚女性主要受血管舒缩症状和性功能障碍困扰，而在接受调查的亚洲女性群体中，报告患有抑郁症的女性比例出现惊人增长。在欧洲，睡眠障碍和抑郁症的发病率要高得多。
无论种族、肤色或社会人口因素如何，世界各地的女性都遭受绝经时期特有的疾病困扰。
