Bińkowska Małgorzata, Woroń Jarosław
1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Chair of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland.
Prz Menopauzalny. 2015 Jun;14(2):134-43. doi: 10.5114/pm.2015.52154. Epub 2015 Jun 22.
Progestogens share one common effect: the ability to convert proliferative endometrium to its secretory form. In contrast, their biological activity is varied, depending on the chemical structure, pharmacokinetics, receptor affinity and different potency of action. Progestogens are widely used in the treatment of menstrual cycle disturbances, various gynaecological conditions, contraception and menopausal hormone therapy. The administration of progestogen in menopausal hormone therapy is essential in women with an intact uterus to protect against endometrial hyperplasia and cancer. Progestogen selection should be based on the characteristics available for each progestogen type, relying on the assessment of relative potency of action in experimental models and animal models, and on the indirect knowledge brought by studies of the clinical use of different progestogen formulations. The choice of progestogen should involve the conscious use of knowledge of its benefits, with a focus on minimizing potential side effects. Unfortunately, there are no direct clinical studies comparing the metabolic effects of different progestogens.
将增殖期子宫内膜转化为分泌期子宫内膜的能力。相比之下，它们的生物学活性各不相同，这取决于化学结构、药代动力学、受体亲和力以及不同的作用效力。孕激素广泛用于治疗月经周期紊乱、各种妇科疾病、避孕和绝经激素治疗。对于有完整子宫的女性，在绝经激素治疗中使用孕激素对于预防子宫内膜增生和癌症至关重要。孕激素的选择应基于每种孕激素类型的现有特性，依靠对实验模型和动物模型中相对作用效力的评估，以及不同孕激素制剂临床应用研究带来的间接知识。孕激素的选择应在有意识地了解其益处的基础上进行，重点是尽量减少潜在的副作用。不幸的是，目前尚无直接的临床研究比较不同孕激素的代谢作用。
