Santini Daniele, Stumbo Luciano, Spoto Chiara, D'Onofrio Loretta, Pantano Francesco, Iuliani Michele, Fioramonti Marco, Zoccoli Alice, Ribelli Giulia, Virzì Vladimir, Vincenzi Bruno, Tonini Giuseppe
Department of Medical Oncology, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo 200, 00128, Rome, Italy.
Breast Cancer Res. 2015 Sep 2;17(1):121. doi: 10.1186/s13058-015-0634-8.
Bisphosphonates (BPs) are approved as standard therapy in breast cancer for the treatment of bone metastases, since they were demonstrated to reduce the prevalence of skeletal-related events including fractures and hypercalcemia. In the adjuvant setting, BPs can be given to prevent and treat tumor therapy-induced bone loss in premenopausal and postmenopausal women and, owing to their beneficial effect on bone turnover, have also been evaluated for prevention of bone metastases occurrence. In this article we will review the mechanisms through which BPs have been demonstrated to prevent premetastatic niche formation and cell proliferation in bone lesions. Moreover, preclinical evidence of antitumoral effects of BPs will be presented and results from the most important clinical trials will be described critically. BPs may clearly play a clinically important role in early breast cancer in a postmenopausal adjuvant setting.
双膦酸盐（BPs）被批准作为乳腺癌骨转移的标准治疗药物，因为它们已被证明可降低包括骨折和高钙血症在内的骨相关事件的发生率。在辅助治疗中，双膦酸盐可用于预防和治疗绝经前和绝经后妇女肿瘤治疗引起的骨质流失，并且由于它们对骨转换有有益作用，也已被评估用于预防骨转移的发生。在本文中，我们将综述双膦酸盐已被证明可预防骨病变中预转移微环境形成和细胞增殖的机制。此外，还将介绍双膦酸盐抗肿瘤作用的临床前证据，并批判性地描述最重要临床试验的结果。双膦酸盐在绝经后辅助治疗的早期乳腺癌中可能显然发挥着重要的临床作用。
