西班牙女性移民的性与生殖健康观念及行为：一项定性研究。
Sexual and reproductive health beliefs and practices of female immigrants in Spain: a qualitative study.
作者信息
Alvarez-Nieto Carmen, Pastor-Moreno Guadalupe, Grande-Gascón María Luisa, Linares-Abad Manuel
机构信息
Department of Nursing, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, Building B3 Faculty of Health Sciences, 23071, Jaén, Spain.
出版信息
Reprod Health. 2015 Sep 2;12:79. doi: 10.1186/s12978-015-0071-2.
BACKGROUND
Sexuality and reproduction are two areas that have been dealt with differently over time and across cultures. Immigrant women resident in Spain, are largely of childbearing age and have some specific needs. Female immigrants have specific beliefs and behaviors which may influence how they approach to the Spanish sexual and reproductive health services. There is less visibility of the health problems presented by women immigrants. This article aims to shed light on the sexual and reproductive health beliefs and experiences of female immigrants in a region of southern Spain.
METHODS
A descriptive study design with qualitative data collection and analysis methods were used. Data were collected through face-to-face in-depth interviews using a semi- structured interview guide that collected information on women's perception and beliefs about their sexual and reproductive health. Thirteen interviews were conducted in 2013 with a multi-ethnic sample of female immigrants, currently all are residing in Andalusia. Interview topics included questions about awareness and beliefs about sexuality and reproduction. Content analysis was used.
RESULTS
We have found that female immigrant brings along all of her beliefs, opinions, attitudes and behaviors regarding sexuality, contraceptives, what is "correct" and what is not, etc. The sexual behavior is conditioned by the prevailing social rules of country of origin, and these rules act ambivalently. In general, knowledge of contraceptive methods was big, but there were perceptions that reproductive health was woman's domain, due to gender norms and traditional family planning geared exclusively towards women.
CONCLUSION
Results suggest that women's behavior is influenced by the precepts of their origin societies. Therefore, sexual and reproductive health processes should be adapted and incorporated into our society, with special attention being paid to the immigrant population.
背景
性与生殖是两个在不同时期和不同文化中有着不同处理方式的领域。居住在西班牙的移民女性大多处于育龄期，有一些特定需求。女性移民有特定的信仰和行为，这可能会影响她们获取西班牙性健康和生殖健康服务的方式。移民女性所面临的健康问题较少受到关注。本文旨在揭示西班牙南部某地区女性移民的性健康和生殖健康信仰及经历。
方法
采用描述性研究设计以及定性数据收集和分析方法。通过面对面深度访谈收集数据，使用半结构化访谈指南，收集关于女性对其性健康和生殖健康的认知与信仰的信息。2013年对多民族的女性移民样本进行了13次访谈，目前她们均居住在安达卢西亚。访谈主题包括关于性与生殖的认知和信仰的问题。采用内容分析法。
结果
我们发现，女性移民带来了她所有关于性、避孕、什么是“正确的”以及什么是“不正确的”等方面的信仰、观点、态度和行为。性行为受到原籍国现行社会规则的制约，而这些规则具有矛盾性。总体而言对避孕方法了解较多，但由于性别规范以及传统计划生育仅针对女性，存在生殖健康是女性领域之事的认知。
结论
结果表明，女性行为受到其原籍社会规范的影响。因此，性健康和生殖健康过程应加以调整并融入我们的社会，并特别关注移民群体。
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