噪音对儿科重症监护病房护士的影响。
Impact of Noise on Nurses in Pediatric Intensive Care Units.
作者信息
Watson J'ai, Kinstler Angela, Vidonish William P, Wagner Michael, Lin Li, Davis Kermit G, Kotowski Susan E, Daraiseh Nancy M
机构信息
J'ai Watson is a graduate student, Low Back Biomechanics and Workplace Stress Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, and the James M. Anderson Center for Health Systems Excellence, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio. Angela Kinstler is clinical director, cardiac intensive care unit, William P. Vidonish is a project manager, and Li Lin is a statistician, Center for Professional Excellence, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center. Michael Wagner is an associate professor, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati, Ohio. Kermit G. Davis is an associate professor, Low Back Biomechanics and Workplace Stress Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati. Susan E. Kotowski is an assistant professor, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati. Nancy M. Daraiseh is an assistant professor, Research in Patient Services, James M. Anderson Center for Health Systems Excellence, Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center.
出版信息
Am J Crit Care. 2015 Sep;24(5):377-84. doi: 10.4037/ajcc2015260.
BACKGROUND
Excessive exposure to noise places nurses at risk for safety events, near-misses, decreased job performance, and fatigue. Noise is particularly a concern in pediatric intensive care units, where highly skilled providers and vulnerable patients require a quiet environment to promote healing.
OBJECTIVE
To measure noise levels and noise duration on specialty pediatric intensive care units to explore sources of noise and its effects on the health of registered nurses.
METHODS
In a cross-sectional pilot study, levels and sources of noise in 3 different specialty pediatric intensive care units were assessed. Fifteen nurses were observed for 4-hour sessions during a 24-hour period. Sound pressure levels (noise) and heart rate were measured continuously, and stress ratings were recorded. Descriptive statistics were calculated for noise (level, source, location, and activity), heart rate, and stress. The Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated to analyze the relationship between heart rate and noise.
RESULTS
Mean noise level was 71.9 (SD, 9.2) dBA. Mean heart rate was 85.2/min (SD, 15.8/min) and was significantly associated with noise, unit, within-unit location, nurse sources, and noise activities. The most frequent sources of noise were patients' rooms, care activities, and staff communications.
CONCLUSIONS
Noise levels in pediatric intensive care units exceed recommended thresholds and require immediate attention through effective interventions. Although noise was not associated with stress, a significant correlation with increased heart rate indicates that noise may be associated with adverse health outcomes.
背景
过度暴露于噪音环境使护士面临安全事件、未遂事故、工作表现下降和疲劳的风险。噪音在儿科重症监护病房尤其令人担忧，因为在那里，技术娴熟的医护人员和脆弱的患者需要安静的环境来促进康复。
目的
测量儿科专科重症监护病房的噪音水平和噪音持续时间，以探究噪音来源及其对注册护士健康的影响。
方法
在一项横断面试点研究中，对3个不同的儿科专科重症监护病房的噪音水平和来源进行了评估。在24小时期间，对15名护士进行了4小时的观察。连续测量声压水平（噪音）和心率，并记录压力评级。对噪音（水平、来源、位置和活动）、心率和压力进行描述性统计。计算皮尔逊相关系数以分析心率与噪音之间的关系。
结果
平均噪音水平为71.9（标准差，9.2）分贝。平均心率为85.2次/分钟（标准差，15.8次/分钟），且与噪音、病房、病房内位置、护士来源和噪音活动显著相关。最常见的噪音来源是病房、护理活动和医护人员交流。
结论
儿科重症监护病房的噪音水平超过了推荐阈值，需要通过有效的干预措施立即加以关注。尽管噪音与压力无关，但与心率增加的显著相关性表明，噪音可能与不良健康后果有关。
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