Rey G, Reddy A B
Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Diabetes Obes Metab. 2015 Sep;17 Suppl 1:55-64. doi: 10.1111/dom.12519.
The circadian clock is a cellular timekeeping mechanism that helps organisms from bacteria to humans to organize their behaviour and physiology around the solar cycle. Current models for circadian timekeeping incorporate transcriptional/translational feedback loop mechanisms in the predominant model systems. However, recent evidence suggests that non-transcriptional oscillations such as metabolic and redox cycles may play a fundamental role in circadian timekeeping. Peroxiredoxins, an antioxidant protein family, undergo rhythmic oxidation on the circadian time scale in a variety of species, including bacteria, insects and mammals, but also in red blood cells, a naturally occurring, non-transcriptional system. The profound interconnectivity between circadian and redox pathways strongly suggests that a conserved timekeeping mechanism based on redox cycles could be integral to generating circadian rhythms.
生物钟是一种细胞计时机制，它帮助从细菌到人类的生物体围绕太阳周期来组织其行为和生理活动。当前的生物钟计时模型在主要模型系统中纳入了转录/翻译反馈回路机制。然而，最近的证据表明，诸如代谢和氧化还原循环等非转录振荡可能在生物钟计时中发挥着基本作用。过氧化物氧化还原酶是一种抗氧化蛋白家族，在包括细菌、昆虫和哺乳动物在内的多种物种中，以及在红细胞（一种天然存在的非转录系统）中，都会在昼夜时间尺度上发生节律性氧化。昼夜节律和氧化还原途径之间的深度相互联系强烈表明，基于氧化还原循环的保守计时机制可能是产生昼夜节律所不可或缺的。
