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乌干达西南部农牧民社区人类布鲁氏菌病的危险因素:一项病例对照研究。

Risk factors for human brucellosis in agro-pastoralist communities of south western Uganda: a case-control study.

作者信息

Asiimwe Benon B, Kansiime Catherine, Rwego Innocent B

机构信息

Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, P. O Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda.

Department of Health Policy, Planning and Management, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, P. O Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda.

出版信息

BMC Res Notes. 2015 Sep 4;8:405. doi: 10.1186/s13104-015-1361-z.

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Brucellosis is a zoonosis of veterinary, public health and economic significance in most developing countries. The disease can result in permanent and disabling sequelae and considerable medical expenses in addition to loss of income due to loss of working hours. A case-control study was conducted in Nyabushozi, Kiruhura district, Uganda, so as to determine the risk factors for transmission of brucellosis to humans in these communities.

METHODS

We conducted a matched case-control study among participants in a previous study who were positive by the standard Serum Agglutination Test with titres ≥1:160. Controls were two neighbors for each case, matched by sex and age. A structured interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect data on potential risk factors for brucellosis. Categorical variables were presented as proportions and their associations determined by Chi-square test. Bivariate analysis was performed to explore associations between the disease and the risk factors of brucellosis. Conditional logistic regression models were fitted to estimate independent associations between the disease and the risk factors using Odds Ratios and 95% confidence intervals.

RESULTS

A total of 45 cases and 90 controls were interviewed. Of the 45 cases, 21 (46.7%) were male while 44/90 (48.9%) of the controls were female. The most significant risk factors for infection being an agro-pastoralist (P = 0.05), consumption of raw cow ghee (P = 0.03) and consumption of unpasteurized milk (P = 0.02).

CONCLUSION

The greatest risk factors for acquiring brucellosis in the study area were being an agro-pastoralist, consumption of raw cow ghee and consumption of unboiled milk. We recommend dissemination of health education packages regarding risks and prevention measures for brucellosis in these communities.

摘要

背景

在大多数发展中国家,布鲁氏菌病是一种具有兽医、公共卫生和经济意义的人畜共患病。该疾病除了因工作时间损失导致收入损失外,还会导致永久性和致残性后遗症以及可观的医疗费用。在乌干达基鲁胡拉区的尼亚布肖齐进行了一项病例对照研究,以确定这些社区中布鲁氏菌病传播给人类的风险因素。

方法

我们在先前一项研究的参与者中进行了一项匹配病例对照研究,这些参与者通过标准血清凝集试验呈阳性,滴度≥1:160。对照为每个病例的两名邻居,按性别和年龄匹配。使用结构化访谈问卷收集有关布鲁氏菌病潜在风险因素的数据。分类变量以比例形式呈现,并通过卡方检验确定其关联。进行双变量分析以探讨疾病与布鲁氏菌病风险因素之间的关联。使用比值比和95%置信区间拟合条件逻辑回归模型,以估计疾病与风险因素之间的独立关联。

结果

共访谈了45例病例和90名对照。在45例病例中,21例(46.7%)为男性,而90名对照中有44例(48.9%)为女性。感染的最显著风险因素是从事农牧混合经营(P = 0.05)、食用生牛酥油(P = 0.03)和食用未杀菌牛奶(P = 0.02)。

结论

在研究区域,感染布鲁氏菌病的最大风险因素是从事农牧混合经营、食用生牛酥油和饮用未煮沸的牛奶。我们建议在这些社区传播有关布鲁氏菌病风险和预防措施的健康教育资料。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/dc32/4559326/a7c1f46ea6db/13104_2015_1361_Fig1_HTML.jpg

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