Rodríguez-Monforte Míriam, Flores-Mateo Gemma, Sánchez Emília
1Blanquerna School of Health Science, Facultat de Ciències de la Salut Blanquerna,Universitat Ramon Llull,Barcelona 08025,Spain.
2Research Support Unit for Tarragona-Reus,Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol (IDIAP Jordi Gol),43202 Tarragona,Spain.
Br J Nutr. 2015 Nov 14;114(9):1341-59. doi: 10.1017/S0007114515003177. Epub 2015 Sep 7.
Epidemiological studies show that diet is linked to the risk of developing CVD. The objective of this meta-analysis was to estimate the association between empirically derived dietary patterns and CVD. PubMed was searched for observational studies of data-driven dietary patterns that reported outcomes of cardiovascular events. The association between dietary patterns and CVD was estimated using a random-effects meta-analysis with 95 % CI. Totally, twenty-two observational studies met the inclusion criteria. The pooled relative risk (RR) for CVD, CHD and stroke in a comparison of the highest to the lowest category of prudent/healthy dietary patterns in cohort studies was 0·69 (95% CI 0·60, 0·78; I 2=0%), 0·83 (95% CI 0·75, 0·92; I 2=44·6%) and 0·86 (95% CI 0·74, 1·01; I 2=59·5%), respectively. The pooled RR of CHD in a case-control comparison of the highest to the lowest category of prudent/healthy dietary patterns was 0·71 (95% CI 0·63, 0·80; I 2=0%). The pooled RR for CVD, CHD and stroke in a comparison of the highest to the lowest category of western dietary patterns in cohort studies was 1·14 (95% CI 0·92, 1·42; I 2=56·9%), 1·03 (95% CI 0·90, 1·17; I 2=59·4%) and 1·05 (95% CI 0·91, 1·22; I 2=27·6%), respectively; in case-control studies, there was evidence of increased CHD risk. Our results support the evidence of the prudent/healthy pattern as a protective factor for CVD.
流行病学研究表明，饮食与心血管疾病（CVD）的发病风险相关。本荟萃分析的目的是评估基于经验得出的饮食模式与心血管疾病之间的关联。通过检索PubMed数据库，查找关于数据驱动饮食模式的观察性研究，这些研究报告了心血管事件的结果。使用随机效应荟萃分析及95%置信区间（CI）来评估饮食模式与心血管疾病之间的关联。总共有22项观察性研究符合纳入标准。在队列研究中，将谨慎/健康饮食模式的最高类别与最低类别进行比较时，心血管疾病、冠心病和中风的合并相对风险（RR）分别为0·69（95%CI 0·60, 0·78；I²=0%）、0·83（95%CI 0·75, 0·92；I²=44·6%）和0·86（95%CI 0·74, 1·01；I²=59·5%）。在病例对照研究中，将谨慎/健康饮食模式的最高类别与最低类别进行比较时，冠心病的合并RR为0·71（95%CI 0·63, 0·80；I²=0%）。在队列研究中，将西方饮食模式的最高类别与最低类别进行比较时，心血管疾病、冠心病和中风的合并RR分别为1·14（95%CI 0·92, 1·42；I²=56·9%）、1·03（95%CI 0·90, 1·17；I²=59·4%）和1·05（95%CI 0·91, 1·22；I²=27·6%）；在病例对照研究中，有证据表明冠心病风险增加。我们的结果支持将谨慎/健康模式作为心血管疾病保护因素的证据。
