Wang XingChun, Liu Huan, Chen Jiaqi, Li Yan, Qu Shen
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai 10th People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China.
Department of Urology, Zhenjiang First People's Hospital, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212002, China.
Int J Endocrinol. 2015;2015:651757. doi: 10.1155/2015/651757. Epub 2015 Aug 20.
The glucagon-like peptide-1 is secreted by intestinal L cells in response to nutrient ingestion. It regulates the secretion and sensitivity of insulin while suppressing glucagon secretion and decreasing postprandial glucose levels. It also improves beta-cell proliferation and prevents beta-cell apoptosis induced by cytotoxic agents. Additionally, glucagon-like peptide-1 delays gastric emptying and suppresses appetite. The impaired secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 has negative influence on diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and insulin resistance related diseases. Thus, glucagon-like peptide-1-based therapies (glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors) are now well accepted in the management of type 2 diabetes. The levels of glucagon-like peptide-1 are influenced by multiple factors including a variety of nutrients. The component of a meal acts as potent stimulants of glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion. The levels of its secretion change with the intake of different nutrients. Some drugs also have influence on GLP-1 secretion. Bariatric surgery may improve metabolism through the action on GLP-1 levels. In recent years, there has been a great interest in developing effective methods to regulate glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion. This review summarizes the literature on glucagon-like peptide-1 and related factors affecting its levels.
胰高血糖素样肽-1由肠道L细胞在摄入营养物质后分泌。它调节胰岛素的分泌和敏感性，同时抑制胰高血糖素分泌并降低餐后血糖水平。它还能促进β细胞增殖并防止细胞毒性药物诱导的β细胞凋亡。此外，胰高血糖素样肽-1可延缓胃排空并抑制食欲。胰高血糖素样肽-1分泌受损对糖尿病、高脂血症及胰岛素抵抗相关疾病有负面影响。因此，基于胰高血糖素样肽-1的疗法（胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂和二肽基肽酶-4抑制剂）目前在2型糖尿病管理中已被广泛接受。胰高血糖素样肽-1的水平受多种因素影响，包括多种营养物质。食物成分是胰高血糖素样肽-1分泌的强效刺激物。其分泌水平会随不同营养物质的摄入而变化。一些药物也会影响胰高血糖素样肽-1的分泌。减重手术可能通过作用于胰高血糖素样肽-1水平来改善代谢。近年来，人们对开发调节胰高血糖素样肽-1分泌的有效方法兴趣浓厚。本综述总结了关于胰高血糖素样肽-1及影响其水平的相关因素的文献。
