Kucharzik Torsten, Petersen F, Maaser C
Dig Dis. 2015;33 Suppl 1:17-25. doi: 10.1159/000437035. Epub 2015 Sep 14.
The diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is based on a combination of endoscopic, clinical and biochemical investigations as well as cross-sectional imaging. The applications of cross-sectional imaging in IBD are manifold. Ultrasonography has emerged as an important imaging modality in the diagnosis of Crohn's disease (CD) as well as for monitoring disease progression and in the therapeutic response to CD and ulcerative colitis (UC). Key Messages: Ultrasonography is non-invasive, radiation free, cheap, easy to use and well tolerated and accepted by patients. Bowel ultrasonography can be used for the primary diagnosis of CD as it has a similar sensitivity and specificity like that of MRI and CT, particularly in the case of CD. Ultrasonography can also be used to monitor treatment response to therapy and to detect disease recurrence of CD as well as UC. In CD, ultrasonography can also be used to detect complications such as strictures as well as extramural complications, including abscesses and fistulas. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography is a useful tool that might be helpful to detect certain indications in CD, in particular the differentiation between abscesses and inflammation.
A variety of advantages of bowel ultrasonography over other imaging modalities suggest the more frequent use of this method to manage IBD patients in daily practice. Bowel ultrasonography should be a standard tool in IBD centers.
炎症性肠病（IBD）的诊断基于内镜、临床、生化检查以及横断面成像的综合结果。横断面成像在IBD中的应用是多方面的。超声检查已成为诊断克罗恩病（CD）、监测疾病进展以及评估CD和溃疡性结肠炎（UC）治疗反应的重要成像方式。
超声检查具有无创、无辐射、价格低廉、易于使用且患者耐受性和接受度良好的特点。肠道超声检查可用于CD的初步诊断，因为其敏感性和特异性与MRI和CT相似，尤其是在CD的诊断中。超声检查还可用于监测治疗反应以及检测CD和UC的疾病复发。在CD中，超声检查还可用于检测诸如狭窄等并发症以及壁外并发症，包括脓肿和瘘管。超声造影是一种有用的工具，可能有助于检测CD中的某些指征，特别是脓肿与炎症的鉴别。
肠道超声检查相对于其他成像方式具有多种优势，这表明在日常实践中应更频繁地使用该方法来管理IBD患者。肠道超声检查应成为IBD中心的标准工具。
