Balfour Pelbreton C, Rodriguez Carlos J, Ferdinand Keith C
Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
Heart and Vascular Institute, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave. #8548, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
Curr Cardiovasc Risk Rep. 2015 Apr;9(4). doi: 10.1007/s12170-015-0446-5.
Race-ethnic disparities in cardiovascular disease (CVD) have persisted in the USA over the past few decades. Hypertension (HTN) is a significant contributor to CVD, including coronary heart disease, stroke, end-stage kidney disease and overall mortality and race-ethnic disparities in longevity. Additionally, both non-Hispanic blacks (NHBs) and Hispanic adults have been known to have higher prevalence of poorly controlled blood pressure compared to non-Hispanic whites (NHWs). Addressing these disparities has been a focus of programs such as the Million Hearts initiative. This review will provide an update of available data on HTN in various race-ethnic groups, including awareness, treatment, and control and note the recent progress in HTN control across all race/ethnic groups. We will also discuss the recent 2014 U.S. HTN guideline that has led to debate regarding the potential impact of BP goals in older persons on worsening CVD disparities, with disproportionate effects on women and NHBs.
在过去几十年里，美国心血管疾病（CVD）方面的种族差异一直存在。高血压（HTN）是心血管疾病的一个重要促成因素，包括冠心病、中风、终末期肾病以及总体死亡率和寿命方面的种族差异。此外，众所周知，与非西班牙裔白人（NHWs）相比，非西班牙裔黑人（NHBs）和西班牙裔成年人血压控制不佳的患病率更高。解决这些差异一直是“百万心脏”倡议等项目的重点。本综述将提供各种族群体中高血压的现有数据更新，包括知晓率、治疗和控制情况，并指出所有种族/族裔群体在高血压控制方面的最新进展。我们还将讨论2014年美国高血压指南，该指南引发了关于老年人血压目标对心血管疾病差异恶化的潜在影响的争论，对女性和非西班牙裔黑人产生了不成比例的影响。
