Tebeu Pierre-Marie, Halle-Ekane Gregory, Da Itambi Maxwell, Enow Mbu Robinson, Mawamba Yvette, Fomulu Joseph Nelson
Pan Afr Med J. 2015 May 7;21:16. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2015.21.16.3912. eCollection 2015.
More than 550,000 women die yearly from pregnancy-related causes. Fifty percent (50%) of the world estimate of maternal deaths occur in sub-Saharan Africa alone. There is insufficient information on the risk factors of maternal mortality in Cameroon. This study aimed at establishing causes and risk factors of maternal mortality. This was a case-control study from 1st January, 2006 to 31st December, 2010 after National Ethical Committee Approval. Cases were maternal deaths; controls were women who delivered normally. Maternal deaths were obtained from the delivery room registers and in-patient registers. Controls for each case were two normal deliveries following identified maternal deaths on the same day. Variables considered were socio-demographic and reproductive health characteristics. Epi Info 3.5.1 was used for analysis. The mean MMR was 287.5/100,000 live births. Causes of deaths were: postpartum hemorrhage (229.2%), unsafe abortion (25%), ectopic pregnancy (12.5%), hypertension in pregnancy (8.3%), malaria (8.3%), anemia (8.3%), heart disease (4.2%), and pneumonia (4.2%), and placenta praevia (4.2%). Ages ranged from 18 to 41 years, with a mean of 27.7 ± 5.14 years. Lack of antenatal care was a risk factor for maternal death (OR=78.33; CI: (8.66- 1802.51)). The mean MMR from 2006 to 2010 was 287.5/100,000 live births. Most of the causes of maternal deaths were preventable. Lack of antenatal care was a risk factor for maternal mortality. Key words: Maternal mortality, causes, risk factors, Cameroon.
每年有超过55万名妇女死于与妊娠相关的原因。全球估计的孕产妇死亡病例中有50%仅发生在撒哈拉以南非洲地区。喀麦隆关于孕产妇死亡风险因素的信息不足。本研究旨在确定孕产妇死亡的原因和风险因素。这是一项在获得国家伦理委员会批准后于2006年1月1日至2010年12月31日进行的病例对照研究。病例为孕产妇死亡；对照为正常分娩的妇女。孕产妇死亡数据来自产房登记册和住院登记册。每例病例的对照是在同一天确定孕产妇死亡后紧接着的两次正常分娩。所考虑的变量为社会人口统计学和生殖健康特征。使用Epi Info 3.5.1进行分析。孕产妇死亡率平均为287.5/10万活产。死亡原因包括：产后出血（229.2%）、不安全堕胎（25%）、宫外孕（12.5%）、妊娠期高血压（8.3%）、疟疾（8.3%）、贫血（8.3%）、心脏病（4.2%）、肺炎（4.2%）以及前置胎盘（4.2%）。年龄范围为18至41岁，平均年龄为27.7±5.14岁。缺乏产前护理是孕产妇死亡的一个风险因素（比值比=78.33；置信区间：（8.66 - 1802.51））。2006年至2010年的孕产妇死亡率平均为287.5/10万活产。大多数孕产妇死亡原因是可以预防的。缺乏产前护理是孕产妇死亡的一个风险因素。关键词：孕产妇死亡、原因、风险因素、喀麦隆
