Short Andrea D, Holder Angela, Rothwell Simon, Massey Jonathan, Scholey Rachel, Kennedy Lorna J, Catchpole Brian, Ollier William Er
Centre for Integrated Genomic Medical Research, University of Manchester, Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT UK.
Department of Pathology and Pathogen Biology, Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, Hatfield, Herts AL9 7TA UK.
Canine Genet Epidemiol. 2014 Jul 7;1:8. doi: 10.1186/2052-6687-1-8. eCollection 2014.
Canine diabetes is a common endocrine disorder with an estimated breed-related prevalence ranging from 0.005% to 1.5% in pet dogs. Increased prevalence in some breeds suggests that diabetes in dogs is influenced by genetic factors and similarities between canine and human diabetes phenotypes suggest that the same genes might be associated with disease susceptibility in both species. Between 1-5% of human diabetes cases result from mutations in a single gene, including maturity onset diabetes of the adult (MODY) and neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM). It is not clear whether monogenic forms of diabetes exist within some dog breeds. Identification of forms of canine monogenic diabetes could help to resolve the heterogeneity of the condition and lead to development of breed-specific genetic tests for diabetes susceptibility.
Seventeen dog breeds were screened for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in eighteen genes that have been associated with human MODY/NDM. Six SNP associations were found from five genes, with one gene (ZFP57) being associated in two different breeds.
Some of the genes that have been associated with susceptibility to MODY and NDM in humans appear to also be associated with canine diabetes, although the limited number of associations identified in this study indicates canine diabetes is a heterogeneous condition and is most likely to be a polygenic trait in most dog breeds.
犬糖尿病是一种常见的内分泌疾病，据估计，宠物犬中与品种相关的患病率在0.005%至1.5%之间。某些品种患病率的增加表明犬糖尿病受遗传因素影响，且犬和人糖尿病表型的相似性表明相同的基因可能与两个物种的疾病易感性相关。1%至5%的人类糖尿病病例由单个基因突变引起，包括成年发病型糖尿病（MODY）和新生儿糖尿病（NDM）。尚不清楚某些犬种中是否存在单基因形式的糖尿病。鉴定犬单基因糖尿病的形式有助于解决该病的异质性问题，并推动针对糖尿病易感性的品种特异性基因检测的开发。
对17个犬种进行了筛查，检测与人类MODY/NDM相关的18个基因中的单核苷酸多态性（SNP）。从5个基因中发现了6个SNP关联，其中一个基因（ZFP57）在两个不同品种中有关联。
一些与人类MODY和NDM易感性相关的基因似乎也与犬糖尿病有关，尽管本研究中鉴定出有限数量的关联，这表明犬糖尿病是一种异质性疾病且在大多数犬种中很可能是一种多基因性状。
