Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, California.
J Vet Intern Med. 2019 Sep;33(5):1926-1934. doi: 10.1111/jvim.15570. Epub 2019 Jul 18.
Heritability and mode of inheritance of spontaneous diabetes mellitus (DM) in American Eskimo Dogs (AED) are unknown.
Investigate the heritability and mode of inheritance of DM in AED.
An extended family of AED including 71 AED without DM, 47 AED with an unknown phenotype, and 38 AED with spontaneous DM.
Retrospective evaluation of inheritance. A logistic regression model was formulated to evaluate the heritability of DM, including effects of sex and neuter status. Subsequently, complex segregation analysis was employed to investigate the inheritance pattern of DM in AED. Six plausible models were considered, and the Akaike Information Criterion was used to determine the best of the biologically feasible models of inheritance of DM in AED.
Heritability of DM in AED is estimated at 0.62 (95% posterior interval 0.01-0.99). Predicted DM probabilities for neutered females (NF), intact females (IF), neutered males (NM), and intact males (IM) were 0.76, 0.11, 0.63, and 0.12, respectively. There was no overlap between the 95% posterior intervals of disease probabilities in NF and IF or in NF and IM. Complex segregation analysis suggested that the mode of inheritance of DM in AED is polygenic, with no evidence for a single gene of large effect.
The estimated heritability of DM in AED is high but has low precision. Diabetes mellitus transmission in AED appears to follow a polygenic inheritance. Breeders could successfully implement a breeding program to decrease the incidence of DM in AED.
自发性糖尿病（DM）在美洲爱斯基摩犬（AED）中的遗传力和遗传方式尚不清楚。
研究 AED 中 DM 的遗传力和遗传方式。
包括 71 只无 DM 的 AED、47 只未知表型的 AED 和 38 只自发性 DM 的 AED 的一个扩展家族。
回顾性评估遗传情况。建立了一个逻辑回归模型来评估 DM 的遗传力，包括性别和绝育状态的影响。随后，采用复杂分离分析来研究 AED 中 DM 的遗传模式。考虑了六种可能的模型，并用 Akaike 信息准则来确定 AED 中 DM 遗传的最佳生物学可行模型。
AED 中 DM 的遗传力估计为 0.62（95%后验区间 0.01-0.99）。预测的绝育雌性（NF）、完整雌性（IF）、绝育雄性（NM）和完整雄性（IM）的 DM 概率分别为 0.76、0.11、0.63 和 0.12。NF 和 IF 或 NF 和 IM 之间的疾病概率 95%后验区间没有重叠。复杂分离分析表明，AED 中 DM 的遗传方式是多基因的，没有证据表明存在一个影响较大的单一基因。
AED 中 DM 的遗传力估计值较高，但精度较低。AED 中 DM 的传播似乎遵循多基因遗传。饲养员可以成功地实施一个繁殖计划，以降低 AED 中 DM 的发病率。
