Department of Pest Control and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt.
Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, University of Alexandria, 163 Horreya Avenue, P.O. Box 832, Alexandria, 21526, Egypt.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2016 Jan;23(2):1852-9. doi: 10.1007/s11356-015-5448-9. Epub 2015 Sep 24.
Oxidative stress by increased production of reactive oxygen species has been implicated in pesticides toxicity. This study focused on the toxicological effects of chlorpyrifos, an organophosphate insecticide and abamectin, a biocide each alone or in combination on antioxidant status, and oxidative stress biomarkers in brain and kidney. Animals were divided into four groups. The first group was used as control while groups 2, 3, and 4 were treated with chlorpyrifos (CPF; 14.9 mg/kg BW), abamectin (ABM; 30 mg/kg BW), and chlorpyrifos plus abamectin, respectively. Rats were treated daily with the tested compounds by oral gavages for 30 days. Results revealed that thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) levels were significantly increased in brain and kidney due to insecticides administration. On the other hand, reduced glutathione (GSH) and protein contents in addition to the activities of antioxidant enzymes, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) were significantly decreased in rat organs. A significant induction in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, urea, and creatinine levels were also observed. The response was more pronounced in rats treated with both CPF and ABM. Results showed that the used insecticides had the propensity to cause significant oxidative damage in rat brain and kidney which is associated with marked perturbations in antioxidant defense system. It can be concluded that antioxidant enzymes can be used as potential biomarkers of toxicity associated with pesticides exposure.
活性氧物种产生增加导致的氧化应激与杀虫剂毒性有关。本研究重点关注了有机磷杀虫剂毒死蜱和生物杀灭剂阿维菌素单独或联合使用对大脑和肾脏抗氧化状态和氧化应激生物标志物的毒理学影响。动物被分为四组。第一组用作对照，而第二组、第三组和第四组分别用毒死蜱（CPF；14.9mg/kgBW）、阿维菌素（ABM；30mg/kgBW）和毒死蜱加阿维菌素处理。大鼠通过口服灌胃每天接受测试化合物处理 30 天。结果表明，由于杀虫剂的使用，大脑和肾脏中的硫代巴比妥酸反应物质（TBARS）水平显著增加。另一方面，谷胱甘肽（GSH）和蛋白质含量以及抗氧化酶、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）和乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）的活性在大鼠器官中显著降低。乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）活性、尿素和肌酐水平也显著升高。在同时接受 CPF 和 ABM 治疗的大鼠中，这种反应更为明显。结果表明，这些使用的杀虫剂有导致大鼠大脑和肾脏发生显著氧化损伤的倾向，这与抗氧化防御系统的明显紊乱有关。可以得出结论，抗氧化酶可以作为与接触杀虫剂相关的毒性的潜在生物标志物。
