Water Utilisation and Environmental Engineering Division, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa.
Water Utilisation and Environmental Engineering Division, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa.
Chemosphere. 2016 Feb;144:635-44. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.08.027. Epub 2015 Sep 25.
The potential for biological treatment of an environment contaminated by complex petrochemical contaminants was evaluated using creosote contaminated soil in ex situ bio-slurry reactors. The efficacy of biosurfactant application and stimulation of in situ biosurfactant production was investigated. The biosurfactant produced was purified and characterised using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Biosurfactant enhanced degradation of PAHs was 86.5% (with addition of biosurfactant) and 57% in controls with no biosurfactant and nutrient amendments after incubation for 45 days. A slight decrease in degradation rate observed in the simultaneous biosurfactant and nutrient, NH4NO3 and KH2PO4, supplemented microcosm can be attributed to preferential microbial consumption of the biosurfactant supplemented. The overall removal of PAHs was determined to be mass transport limited since the dissolution rate caused by the biosurfactant enhanced the bioavailability of the PAHs to the microorganisms. The consortium culture was predominated by the aromatic ring-cleaving species Bacillus stratosphericus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
采用异位生物泥浆反应器中的杂酚油污染土壤，评估了生物处理复杂石化污染物污染环境的潜力。研究了生物表面活性剂的应用效果和原位生物表面活性剂产生的刺激作用。利用傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）光谱对所产生的生物表面活性剂进行了纯化和特性分析。生物表面活性剂强化生物降解 45 天后，添加生物表面活性剂的多环芳烃（PAHs）降解率为 86.5%，而不添加生物表面活性剂和营养物质的对照样降解率为 57%。在同时添加生物表面活性剂和营养物质（NH4NO3 和 KH2PO4）的微宇宙中，降解率略有下降，这可能是由于补充的生物表面活性剂被微生物优先消耗。多环芳烃的整体去除被确定为质量传输限制，因为生物表面活性剂引起的溶解速率增强了多环芳烃对微生物的生物利用度。共培养物主要由芳香环裂解种芽孢杆菌属（Bacillus stratosphericus）、枯草芽孢杆菌（Bacillus subtilis）、巨大芽孢杆菌（Bacillus megaterium）和铜绿假单胞菌（Pseudomonas aeruginosa）组成。
