Hadibarata Tony, Hadibarata Kitara Pranareswari
Environmental Engineering Program, Curtin University, CDT250, 98009, Miri, Malaysia.
Knewton Global School, Jalan Desa Senadin, KBLD, 98000, MIRI, Malaysia.
Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 2025 May 3. doi: 10.1007/s12010-025-05245-w.
The persistence and recalcitrance of high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (HMW-PAHs) are potential threats to health and the environment. They result mainly from incomplete combustion of fossil fuels and organic materials, and they tend to accumulate in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems (particularly in soils, sediments, and water sources). Chronic exposure to HMW PAHs is associated with some of the most dreadful health outcomes, including lung and skin cancers and disorders of the respiratory and immune systems. The study therefore proposes microbial degradation as a promising bioremediation technique for HMW PAHs: pyrene, benzo[a]pyrene, chrysene, and fluoranthene. Aerobic degradations mediated by dioxygenase and dehydrogenase enzymes, as well as anaerobic pathways involving sulfate- and nitrate-reducing bacteria, are discussed. Factors that promote microbial degradation include pH, temperature, nutrient availability, and salinity. While all factors can be biostimulation and bioaugmentation, the study emphasizes these two as effective methods to enhance bioavailability and degradation efficiency. The results provide insightful information for further development of microbial techniques in remediation of HMW PAH-contaminated sites.
高分子量多环芳烃（HMW - PAHs）的持久性和难降解性对健康和环境构成潜在威胁。它们主要源于化石燃料和有机材料的不完全燃烧，并且往往会在陆地和水生生态系统中积累（特别是在土壤、沉积物和水源中）。长期接触HMW多环芳烃与一些最可怕的健康后果相关，包括肺癌、皮肤癌以及呼吸系统和免疫系统紊乱。因此，该研究提出微生物降解作为一种有前景的针对HMW多环芳烃（芘、苯并[a]芘、屈和荧蒽）的生物修复技术。文中讨论了由双加氧酶和脱氢酶介导的需氧降解，以及涉及硫酸盐还原菌和硝酸盐还原菌的厌氧途径。促进微生物降解的因素包括pH值、温度、养分有效性和盐度。虽然所有因素都可以进行生物刺激和生物强化，但该研究强调这两种是提高生物可利用性和降解效率的有效方法。这些结果为进一步开发微生物技术修复受HMW多环芳烃污染的场地提供了有见地的信息。
