Ahmad Sadeem, Hur Sun
Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Trends Biochem Sci. 2015 Oct;40(10):576-585. doi: 10.1016/j.tibs.2015.08.001.
Many helicases have a unique ability to couple cognate RNA binding to ATP hydrolysis, which can induce a large conformational change that affects its interaction with RNA, position along RNA, or oligomeric state. A growing number of these helicases contribute to the innate immune system, either as sensors that detect foreign nucleic acids and/or as effectors that directly participate in the clearance of such foreign species. In this review, we discuss a few examples, including retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I), melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5), and Dicer, focusing on their dual functions as both sensors and effectors. We will also discuss the closely related, but less understood, helicases, laboratory of genetics and physiology 2 (LGP2) and Dicer-related helicase-1 and -3 (DRH-1 and -3).
许多解旋酶具有将同源RNA结合与ATP水解偶联的独特能力，这可诱导大的构象变化，影响其与RNA的相互作用、沿RNA的位置或寡聚状态。越来越多的这类解旋酶对先天免疫系统有贡献，要么作为检测外源核酸的传感器，和/或作为直接参与清除此类外源物质的效应器。在本综述中，我们讨论几个例子，包括视黄酸诱导基因I（RIG-I）、黑色素瘤分化相关基因5（MDA5）和Dicer，重点关注它们作为传感器和效应器的双重功能。我们还将讨论密切相关但了解较少的解旋酶，遗传学与生理学实验室2（LGP2）以及Dicer相关解旋酶-1和-3（DRH-1和-3）。
