Zhu Ying, Cong Qing-Wei, Liu Yue, Wan Chun-Ling, Yu Tao, He Guang, He Lin, Cai Lei, Chou Kuo-Chen
Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
Curr Top Med Chem. 2016;16(6):666-74. doi: 10.2174/1568026616666150923152745.
Blood coagulation is healthy and lifesaving because it can stop bleeding. It can, however, be a troublemaker as well, causing serious medical problems including heart attack and stroke. Body has complex blood coagulation cascade to modulate the blood clots. In the environment of plasma, the blood coagulation cascade is regulated by antithrombin, which is deemed one of the most important serine protease inhibitors. It inhibits thrombin; it can inhibit factors IXa and Xa as well. Interestingly, its inhibitory ability will be significantly increased with the existence of heparin. In this minireview paper, we are to summarize the structural features of antithrombin, as well as its heparin binding modes and anti-coagulation mechanisms, in hopes that the discussion and analysis presented in this paper can stimulate new strategies to find more effective approaches or compounds to modulate the antithrombin.
血液凝固是健康且能挽救生命的，因为它可以止血。然而，它也可能成为麻烦制造者，引发包括心脏病发作和中风在内的严重医学问题。人体有复杂的血液凝固级联反应来调节血栓形成。在血浆环境中，血液凝固级联反应由抗凝血酶调节，抗凝血酶被认为是最重要的丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂之一。它抑制凝血酶，也能抑制因子IXa和Xa。有趣的是，在肝素存在的情况下，其抑制能力会显著增强。在这篇小型综述论文中，我们将总结抗凝血酶的结构特征，以及其与肝素的结合模式和抗凝血机制，希望本文所呈现的讨论和分析能够激发新的策略，以找到更有效的方法或化合物来调节抗凝血酶。
