Imms Christine, Adair Brooke, Keen Deb, Ullenhag Anna, Rosenbaum Peter, Granlund Mats
School of Allied Health and Centre for Disability and Development Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, Vic., Australia.
Autism Centre of Excellence, Griffith University, Mt Gravatt, Qld, Australia.
Dev Med Child Neurol. 2016 Jan;58(1):29-38. doi: 10.1111/dmcn.12932. Epub 2015 Sep 28.
Improving participation of children with disabilities is a priority; however, the participation construct lacks clarity. This systematic review investigated how researchers defined 'participation' and the language used in participation intervention research.
Nine health and education databases were searched for intervention studies of children with disabilities that included a participation outcome. Quantitative data were extracted using a customized form, and participation text data were extracted verbatim. Themes were derived using a thematic coding approach. These participation themes were applied to the outcome measures used in the included studies to compare participation language with the methods used to quantify participation changes.
Of the 2257 articles retrieved, 25 were included in this review. Five participation themes and nine subthemes were developed. Two themes, attendance and involvement, were directly related to the participation construct. Three additional themes described related concepts: preferences, activity competence, and sense of self.
Attendance and involvement seem to describe the essence of the participation concept. The related themes may provide important avenues to enhance participation outcomes. This review highlighted the need for researchers to define the construct under investigation clearly and select measures carefully, as measurement choice is the mechanism through which the concept is operationalized in research.
提高残疾儿童的参与度是一项优先任务；然而，参与这一概念缺乏明确性。本系统评价调查了研究人员如何定义“参与”以及参与干预研究中所使用的语言。
在九个健康与教育数据库中检索针对残疾儿童的干预研究，这些研究需包含参与这一结果指标。使用定制表格提取定量数据，逐字提取参与文本数据。采用主题编码方法得出主题。将这些参与主题应用于纳入研究中所使用的结果测量指标，以比较参与语言与用于量化参与变化的方法。
在检索到的2257篇文章中，本评价纳入了25篇。形成了五个参与主题和九个次主题。其中两个主题，即出勤和参与，与参与概念直接相关。另外三个主题描述了相关概念：偏好、活动能力和自我意识。
出勤和参与似乎描述了参与概念的本质。相关主题可能为提高参与结果提供重要途径。本评价强调研究人员需要清晰界定所研究的概念并谨慎选择测量指标，因为测量选择是该概念在研究中得以操作化的机制。
