Orús Pilar, Gomez-Perez Laura, Leranoz Sonia, Berlanga Mercedes
Beautyge-Revlon S.L., Barcelona, Spain.
Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Int Microbiol. 2015 Mar;18(1):51-9. doi: 10.2436/20.1501.01.234.
To ensure the microbiological quality, consumer safety and organoleptic properties of cosmetic products, manufacturers need to comply with defined standards using several preservatives and disinfectants. A drawback regarding the use of these preservatives is the possibility of generating cross-insusceptibility to other disinfectants or preservatives, as well as cross resistance to antibiotics. Therefore, the objective of this study was to understand the adaptive mechanisms of Enterobacter gergoviae, Pseudomonas putida and Burkholderia cepacia that are involved in recurrent contamination in cosmetic products containing preservatives. Diminished susceptibility to formaldehyde-donors was detected in isolates but not to other preservatives commonly used in the cosmetics industry, although increasing resistance to different antibiotics (β-lactams, quinolones, rifampicin, and tetracycline) was demonstrated in these strains when compared with the wild-type strain. The outer membrane protein modifications and efflux mechanism activities responsible for the resistance trait were evaluated. The development of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms due to the selective pressure from preservatives included in cosmetic products could be a risk for the emergence and spread of bacterial resistance in the environment. Nevertheless, the large contribution of disinfection and preservation cannot be denied in cosmetic products.
为确保化妆品的微生物质量、消费者安全和感官特性，制造商需要使用多种防腐剂和消毒剂来符合既定标准。使用这些防腐剂的一个缺点是可能会产生对其他消毒剂或防腐剂的交叉不敏感性，以及对抗生素的交叉耐药性。因此，本研究的目的是了解格氏肠杆菌、恶臭假单胞菌和洋葱伯克霍尔德菌在含有防腐剂的化妆品中反复污染所涉及的适应性机制。在分离株中检测到对甲醛供体的敏感性降低，但对化妆品行业常用的其他防腐剂未检测到敏感性降低，尽管与野生型菌株相比，这些菌株对不同抗生素（β-内酰胺类、喹诺酮类、利福平和四环素）的耐药性有所增加。评估了负责耐药性状的外膜蛋白修饰和外排机制活性。由于化妆品中所含防腐剂的选择压力而导致的抗生素抗性微生物的产生，可能会成为环境中细菌抗性出现和传播的一个风险。然而，消毒和防腐在化妆品中的巨大作用不可否认。
