Luchs Adriana, Cilli Audrey, Morillo Simone Guadagnucci, Carmona Rita de Cássia Compagnoli, Timenetsky Maria do Carmo Sampaio Tavares
Adolfo Lutz Institute, Sao Paulo, SP, BR.
Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo. 2015 Jul-Aug;57(4):305-13. doi: 10.1590/S0036-46652015000400006.
Regarding public health in Brazil, a new scenario emerged with the establishment of universal rotavirus (RV) vaccination programs. Herein, the data from the five years of surveillance (2007-2012) of G- and P-type RV strains isolated from individuals with acute gastroenteritis in Brazil are reported. A total of 6,196 fecal specimens were investigated by ELISA and RT-PCR. RVs were detected in 19.1% (1,181/6,196). The peak of RV incidence moved from June-August to September. RV was detected less frequently (19.5%) among children ≤ 5 years than in older children and adolescents (6-18 years) (40.6%). Genotype distribution showed a different profile for each year: G2P[4] strains were most prevalent during 2007-2010, G9P[8] in 2011, and G12P[8] in 2012. Mixed infections (G1+G2P[4], G2+G3P[4]+P[8], G2+G12P[8]), unusual combinations (G1P[4], G2P[6]), and rare strains (G3P[3]) were also identified throughout the study period. Widespread vaccination may alter the RV seasonal pattern. The finding of RV disease affecting older children and adolescents after vaccine implementation has been reported worldwide. G2P[4] emergence most likely follows a global trend seemingly unrelated to vaccination, and G12, apparently, is emerging in the Brazilian population. The rapidly changing RV genotype patterns detected during this study illustrate a dynamic population of co-circulating wildtype RVs in Brazil.
关于巴西的公共卫生，随着通用轮状病毒（RV）疫苗接种计划的建立，出现了一种新情况。本文报告了巴西从急性胃肠炎患者中分离出的G型和P型RV毒株五年（2007 - 2012年）监测数据。通过酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）和逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）对总共6196份粪便标本进行了检测。RV检出率为19.1%（1181/6196）。RV发病高峰从6月至8月转移到了9月。≤5岁儿童中RV检出频率（19.5%）低于大龄儿童和青少年（6 - 18岁）（40.6%）。基因型分布每年呈现不同特征：2007 - 2010年G2P[4]毒株最为普遍，2011年为G9P[8]，2012年为G12P[8]。在整个研究期间还发现了混合感染（G1 + G2P[4]、G2 + G3P[4] + P[8]、G2 + G12P[8]）、异常组合（G1P[4]、G2P[6]）以及罕见毒株（G3P[3]）。广泛接种疫苗可能会改变RV的季节性模式。疫苗接种后RV疾病影响大龄儿童和青少年的情况已在全球范围内有报道。G2P[4]毒株的出现很可能遵循一种似乎与疫苗接种无关的全球趋势，而G12显然正在巴西人群中出现。本研究期间检测到的快速变化的RV基因型模式表明巴西存在共同流行的野生型RV动态群体。
