Michinov Estelle, Buffet-Bataillon Sylvie, Chudy Cindy, Constant Aymery, Merle Véronique, Astagneau Pascal
Department of Psychology, University of Rennes 2, Centre de Recherches en Psychologie Cognition et Communication (CRPCC, E.A. 1285), Rennes, France.
Hospital Hygiene Unit, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France.
Am J Infect Control. 2016 Jan 1;44(1):14-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2015.07.041. Epub 2015 Oct 1.
Inconsistent compliance of health care workers with standard precautions has already been documented. The objective of this study was to develop a questionnaire to investigate the sociocognitive determinants of compliance with standard precautions based on the theory of planned behavior.
To construct the Standard Precautions Questionnaire (SPQ), items were selected using a systematic review of literature and semistructured interviews with 54 health care workers. Thirty-five items were selected for a draft questionnaire. These questionnaires were sent to 649 health care workers in 3 medical specialties (pediatrics, geriatrics, and intensive care) in a French University hospital. A total of 331 valid questionnaires were analyzed.
Factor analysis yielded a final 7-factor solution with an explained variance of 66.51%, with 24 items. The 7 dimensions were the following: attitude toward standard precautions, social influence facilitating organization, exemplary behavior of colleagues, organizational constraints, individual constraints, and intention to perform standard precautions. Some differences were observed between medical specialties on attitude toward standard precautions, social influence, and individual constraints.
The SPQ met the conditions of reliability and validity in accordance with psychometric demands and could be used to evaluate attitudes and intention to perform standard precautions among medical and nursing staff.
医护人员对标准预防措施的依从性不一致已有文献记载。本研究的目的是基于计划行为理论编制一份问卷，以调查标准预防措施依从性的社会认知决定因素。
为构建标准预防措施问卷（SPQ），通过对文献的系统回顾以及对54名医护人员进行半结构化访谈来选择条目。35个条目被选入问卷初稿。这些问卷被发送给法国一家大学医院3个医学专业（儿科、老年医学和重症监护）的649名医护人员。共分析了331份有效问卷。
因子分析得出最终的7因子结构，解释变异率为66.51%，包含24个条目。这7个维度如下：对标准预防措施的态度、促进组织的社会影响、同事的模范行为、组织限制、个人限制以及执行标准预防措施的意图。在对标准预防措施的态度、社会影响和个人限制方面，不同医学专业之间存在一些差异。
SPQ符合心理测量学要求的信度和效度条件，可用于评估医护人员执行标准预防措施的态度和意图。
