Liu Zhen, Cheng Yanli, Xu Dongmei, Wu Mengfan, Xie Yaqin, Zhu Ya, Yang Shiqi, Liu Ziyi
Department of Nursing, The First People's Hospital of Tianmen in Hubei Province, Tianmen, 431700, People's Republic of China.
Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, People's Republic of China.
J Multidiscip Healthc. 2025 May 17;18:2771-2782. doi: 10.2147/JMDH.S514331. eCollection 2025.
This study was aimed at developing a systematic and standardized occupational protection theory to guide new medical staff in protection against occupational exposure.
Twenty-three new medical staff members of a comprehensive tertiary hospital in China were evaluated with semi-structured in-depth interviews. The participants were selected using the methods of convenience sampling, purposive sampling, and theoretical sampling Qualitative research was performed using the grounded theory method of Glaser and Strauss, and the data were coded openly, axially, and selectively. The study protocol and reporting were in accordance with the Standards for Qualitative Research (SRQR).
Fifteen codes were extracted from the interview data, which were classified into six subcategories, namely, processing and reflection after occupational exposure, comprehensive identification of occupational exposure risk factors, progressive response, normalization of occupational protection, active expression of protection needs, two-way protection, and 1 core category-two-way-progressive occupational protection. With the information collected, a theoretical model of "two-way progressive occupational protection" was finally constructed.
The "two-way-progressive occupational protection" theory developed on the basis of the experiences of new medical staff can play a positive role in guiding new medical staff regarding occupational exposure, identifying relevant risk factors, and taking appropriate protective measures. It can also provide guidance for developing appropriate training modules for occupational protection.
本研究旨在构建一套系统、规范的职业防护理论，以指导新入职医务人员预防职业暴露。
采用半结构式深入访谈法，对我国某综合性三甲医院的23名新入职医务人员进行评估。采用便利抽样、目的抽样和理论抽样的方法选取研究对象。运用格拉斯和施特劳斯的扎根理论方法进行定性研究，对数据进行开放式编码、主轴编码和选择性编码。研究方案和报告遵循定性研究标准（SRQR）。
从访谈数据中提取出15个编码，分为6个子类别，即职业暴露后的处理与反思、职业暴露危险因素的综合识别、递进式应对、职业防护常态化、防护需求的主动表达、双向防护，以及1个核心类别——双向递进式职业防护。基于收集到的信息，最终构建了“双向递进式职业防护”理论模型。
基于新入职医务人员的经验所构建的“双向递进式职业防护”理论，对指导新入职医务人员预防职业暴露、识别相关危险因素并采取适当的防护措施具有积极作用。它还可为制定合适的职业防护培训模块提供指导。
