Chen Cheng, Xun Pengcheng, Nishijo Muneko, Sekikawa Akira, He Ka
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health-Bloomington, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA.
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2015 Nov;22(22):17465-74. doi: 10.1007/s11356-015-5464-9. Epub 2015 Oct 1.
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most deadly types of cancer for both genders. Classified as a human carcinogen, cadmium has been related to diverse cancers. However, the association between cadmium exposure and the risk of pancreatic cancer is still unclear. We quantitatively reviewed the observational studies on the association of cadmium exposure with pancreatic cancer risk among individuals without occupational exposure history published through July 2014 in PubMed by using a fixed-effect model. Four prospective cohort studies (112,934 participants with 335 events) and two case-control studies (177 cases and 539 controls) were identified. The summarized relative risk (RR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was 2.05 (95% CI = 1.58-2.66), comparing the highest to the lowest category of cadmium exposure. This positive association persisted in men (RR = 1.78, 95% CI = 1.04-3.05) but not in women (RR = 1.02, 95% CI = 0.63-1.65). Further research is needed to provide more solid evidence on the association of cadmium exposure with pancreatic cancer risk and to elucidate the underlying biological mechanism of the potential gender difference.
胰腺癌是对男性和女性来说最致命的癌症类型之一。镉被列为人类致癌物，与多种癌症有关。然而，镉暴露与胰腺癌风险之间的关联仍不明确。我们通过固定效应模型，对截至2014年7月在PubMed上发表的、关于无职业暴露史个体中镉暴露与胰腺癌风险关联的观察性研究进行了定量综述。确定了四项前瞻性队列研究（112,934名参与者，335例事件）和两项病例对照研究（177例病例和539例对照）。比较镉暴露最高类别与最低类别时，汇总相对风险（RR）及其95%置信区间（CI）为2.05（95%CI = 1.58 - 2.66）。这种正相关在男性中持续存在（RR = 1.78，95%CI = 1.04 - 3.05），但在女性中不存在（RR = 1.02，95%CI = 0.63 - 1.65）。需要进一步研究以提供关于镉暴露与胰腺癌风险关联的更确凿证据，并阐明潜在性别差异的潜在生物学机制。
