Ishimaru Tomohiro, Wada Koji, Smith Derek R
Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Thailand.
Ind Health. 2016;54(2):116-22. doi: 10.2486/indhealth.2015-0087. Epub 2015 Sep 30.
In Japan, Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT) for HIV has been recommended for people concerned about their infection risk, especially those in high-risk groups. Although HIV awareness has declined in this country somewhat during recent years, the number of newly-infected cases has been increasing. The purpose of the current study therefore, was to determine the prevalence of HIV testing, individuals' reasons for being tested, and the overall acceptance of HIV testing among working-age Japanese. We utilized an anonymous, nationwide survey which was administered to a total of 3,055 participants aged 20-69 yr. The lifetime prevalence of HIV testing was 14% (2% within the past year). A gap was observed between a prior history of HIV testing and willingness to be tested in future (32%) or willingness to be tested during health checkups in the workplace (41%). HIV testing appears to have only been conducted among a limited number of working-age Japanese adults, even though some reported a willingness to be tested. Opportunities for VCT during workplace health checkups might offer an immediate and positive way forwards in the fight against HIV; however, privacy protection for test results and the acceptance of HIV-positive employees should be carefully considered in the workplace.
在日本，建议对担心感染风险的人群，尤其是高危人群进行艾滋病毒自愿咨询检测（VCT）。尽管近年来该国的艾滋病毒知晓率有所下降，但新感染病例数量却在增加。因此，本研究的目的是确定艾滋病毒检测的普及率、个人进行检测的原因以及日本工作年龄人群对艾滋病毒检测的总体接受情况。我们采用了一项匿名的全国性调查，共对3055名年龄在20 - 69岁的参与者进行了调查。艾滋病毒检测的终生普及率为14%（过去一年为2%）。在艾滋病毒检测既往史与未来接受检测的意愿（32%）或在工作场所健康检查期间接受检测的意愿（41%）之间存在差距。尽管一些人表示愿意接受检测，但艾滋病毒检测似乎仅在少数日本工作年龄成年人中进行。工作场所健康检查期间的VCT机会可能为抗击艾滋病毒提供一条直接且积极的途径；然而，在工作场所应仔细考虑检测结果的隐私保护以及对艾滋病毒呈阳性员工的接纳问题。
