Kishor Kamal, Dhasmana Neha, Kamble Shashank Shivaji, Sahu Roshan Kumar
Analytical Division, Institute of Pesticide Formulation Technology, Sector- 20, Udyog Vihar, Gurgaon, Haryana- 122016 India.
Curr Drug Metab. 2015;16(7):553-9. doi: 10.2174/1389200216666151001121004.
Treatment regimen recommended for resistant tuberculosis consists of various drugs and these drugs are prescribed for at least 12-15 months. Such a long duration therapy and high dose of antibiotics result in adverse drug reactions (ADRs). ADRs may lead to various complications in disease management like replacement of drugs, dose increment, therapy withdrawal, etc. Linezolid is one of those drugs, practiced as an anti-mycobacterial agent and it is an important member of drug regimen for MDR and XDR tuberculosis. Linezolid is a broad spectrum antibiotic known for its unique mechanism of inhibition of resistant pathogenic strains. However, it causes serious adverse effects like thrombocytopenia, optic neuropathy, peripheral neuropathy, lactic acidosis, etc. Literature suggests that Linezolid can cause severe ADRs which affect patient compliance and hinder in therapy to a larger extent. Recent studies confirm the possibility of ADRs to be predicted with genetic make-up of individuals. To effectively deliver the available treatment regimen and ensure patient compliance, it is important to manage ADRs more efficiently. The role of pharmacogenomics in reducing adverse drug effects has been recently explored. In the present review, we discussed about Linezolid induced adverse drug reactions, mechanisms and genetic associations.
耐多药结核病推荐的治疗方案由多种药物组成，这些药物的疗程至少为12至15个月。如此长时间的治疗和高剂量的抗生素会导致药物不良反应（ADR）。药物不良反应可能会在疾病管理中引发各种并发症，如更换药物、增加剂量、停止治疗等。利奈唑胺是这些药物之一，用作抗分枝杆菌剂，是耐多药和广泛耐药结核病治疗方案的重要组成部分。利奈唑胺是一种广谱抗生素，以其独特的抑制耐药病原菌的机制而闻名。然而，它会引起严重的不良反应，如血小板减少、视神经病变、周围神经病变、乳酸酸中毒等。文献表明，利奈唑胺可导致严重的药物不良反应，这在很大程度上影响患者的依从性并阻碍治疗。最近的研究证实了根据个体基因组成预测药物不良反应的可能性。为了有效地实施现有的治疗方案并确保患者的依从性，更有效地管理药物不良反应非常重要。最近人们探索了药物基因组学在减少药物不良反应方面的作用。在本综述中，我们讨论了利奈唑胺引起的药物不良反应、机制和基因关联。
