Kamimura Akiko, Nourian Maziar M, Ashby Jeanie, Trinh Ha Ngoc, Tabler Jennifer, Assasnik Nushean, Lewis Bethany K H
Department of Sociology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA.
Dermatol Res Pract. 2015;2015:753681. doi: 10.1155/2015/753681. Epub 2015 Sep 6.
Background. Skin cancer is the most commonly diagnosed form of cancer in the United States (US). However, knowledge, behaviors, and attitudes regarding sun protection vary among the general population. The purpose of this study is to examine sun protection behaviors of low-income primary care patients and assess the association between these health behaviors and the self-efficacy, susceptibility, and skin cancer awareness. Methods. Uninsured primary care patients utilizing a free clinic (N = 551) completed a self-administered survey in May and June 2015. Results. Using sunscreen was the least common tactic among the participants of this study. Skin cancer awareness and self-efficacy are important to improve sun protection behaviors. Spanish speakers may have lower levels of skin care awareness compared to US born and non-US born English speakers. Male and female participants use different sun protection methods. Conclusion. It is important to increase skin cancer awareness with self-efficacy interventions as well as education on low-cost sun protection methods. Spanish speaking patients would be a target population for promoting awareness. Male and female patients would need separate gender-specific sun protection education. Future studies should implement educational programs and assess the effectiveness of the programs to further promote skin cancer prevention among underserved populations.
背景。皮肤癌是美国最常被诊断出的癌症形式。然而，普通人群中关于防晒的知识、行为和态度各不相同。本研究的目的是调查低收入初级保健患者的防晒行为，并评估这些健康行为与自我效能感、易感性和皮肤癌意识之间的关联。方法。2015年5月和6月，在一家免费诊所就诊的未参保初级保健患者（N = 551）完成了一份自填式调查问卷。结果。在本研究的参与者中，使用防晒霜是最不常见的策略。皮肤癌意识和自我效能感对于改善防晒行为很重要。与在美国出生的英语使用者和非美国出生的英语使用者相比，讲西班牙语的人可能具有较低的皮肤护理意识。男性和女性参与者使用不同的防晒方法。结论。通过自我效能感干预以及关于低成本防晒方法的教育来提高皮肤癌意识很重要。讲西班牙语的患者将是提高意识的目标人群。男性和女性患者需要分别接受针对性别的防晒教育。未来的研究应实施教育项目并评估项目的有效性，以进一步促进在服务不足人群中预防皮肤癌。
