Blumenstein Nina J, Berson Jonathan, Walheim Stefan, Atanasova Petia, Baier Johannes, Bill Joachim, Schimmel Thomas
Institute for Materials Science, University of Stuttgart, Heisenbergstraße 3, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, D-76344, Germany ; Institute of Applied Physics and Center for Functional Nanostructures, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Wolfgang-Gaede-Strasse 1, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
Beilstein J Nanotechnol. 2015 Aug 20;6:1763-8. doi: 10.3762/bjnano.6.180. eCollection 2015.
We present a promising first example towards controlling the properties of a self-assembling mineral film by means of the functionality and polarity of a substrate template. In the presented case, a zinc oxide film is deposited by chemical bath deposition on a nearly topography-free template structure composed of a pattern of two self-assembled monolayers with different chemical functionality. We demonstrate the template-modulated morphological properties of the growing film, as the surface functionality dictates the granularity of the growing film. This, in turn, is a key property influencing other film properties such as conductivity, piezoelectric activity and the mechanical properties. A very pronounced contrast is observed between areas with an underlying fluorinated, low energy template surface, showing a much more (almost two orders of magnitude) coarse-grained film with a typical agglomerate size of around 75 nm. In contrast, amino-functionalized surface areas induce the growth of a very smooth, fine-grained surface with a roughness of around 1 nm. The observed influence of the template on the resulting clear contrast in morphology of the growing film could be explained by a contrast in surface adhesion energies and surface diffusion rates of the nanoparticles, which nucleate in solution and subsequently deposit on the functionalized substrate.
我们展示了一个很有前景的首个实例，即通过底物模板的功能和极性来控制自组装矿物薄膜的性质。在本实例中，通过化学浴沉积法在一个几乎无形貌的模板结构上沉积氧化锌薄膜，该模板结构由具有不同化学功能的两个自组装单分子层的图案组成。我们证明了生长薄膜的模板调制形态学性质，因为表面功能决定了生长薄膜的粒度。反过来，这是影响其他薄膜性质（如导电性、压电活性和机械性质）的关键性质。在具有底层氟化低能模板表面的区域之间观察到非常明显的对比，显示出粒度大得多（几乎两个数量级）的粗粒薄膜，典型团聚尺寸约为75纳米。相比之下，氨基功能化表面区域诱导生长出非常光滑、细粒的表面，粗糙度约为1纳米。模板对生长薄膜形态产生明显对比的观察到的影响，可以通过纳米颗粒在溶液中形核并随后沉积在功能化底物上时表面粘附能和表面扩散速率的对比来解释。
