Ludolph Ramona, Nobile Marta, Hartung Uwe, Castaldi Silvana, Schulz Peter J
Institute of Communication and Health, University of Lugano , Switzerland.
Institute of Communication and Health, University of Lugano , Switzerland ; Phd Program in Public Health, University of Milan , Italy.
J Public Health Res. 2015 Sep 4;4(2):559. doi: 10.4081/jphr.2015.559. eCollection 2015 Jul 16.
The aim of the study is to assess the long-term secondary effects of personal experience with the H1N1 pandemic of 2009/2010 and the perception of the institutional reaction to it on Italians' willingness to get vaccinated in case of a novel influenza pandemic.
We conducted 140 face-to-face interviews in the Registry Office of the Municipality of Milan, Italy, from October to December 2012.
Willingness to get vaccinated during a novel influenza pandemic was best predicted by having been vaccinated against the seasonal flu in the past (OR=5.18; 95%CI: 1.40 to 19.13) and fear of losing one's life in case of an infection with H1N1 (OR=4.09; 95%CI: 1.68 to 9.97). It was unaffected by the assessment of institutional performance.
The findings of this study do not point to long-term secondary effects of the institutional handling of the H1N1 pandemic. The results highlight the fact that behavioural intention is not the same as behaviour, and that the former cannot simply be taken as an indicator of the latter. Significance for public healthWhereas influenza pandemics occurred rather rarely in the last centuries, their frequency can be expected to increase in the future due to the enhanced globalisation and still raising importance of air travelling. Recent examples (Ebola, H1N1, SARS, avian influenza) demonstrate that initially local disease outbreaks often become worldwide health threats of international concern. National and international health authorities are consequently urged to present preparedness plans on how to manage such health crises. However, their success highly depends on their acceptance by the public. To ensure the public compliance with recommended actions, effective communication is needed. Since communication is most successful when it meets the needs of the target audience, a full understanding of the audience is crucial. This study can help public health experts to better understand the variables determining people's willingness to get vaccinated during influenza pandemic, in terms of behavioural and perceptual variables. This knowledge enables them to correctly address the public's concerns when having to communicate during the next outbreak of pandemic influenza.
本研究旨在评估2009/2010年甲型H1N1流感大流行的个人经历及其对机构应对措施的认知对意大利人在新型流感大流行时接种疫苗意愿的长期次要影响。
2012年10月至12月，我们在意大利米兰市登记处进行了140次面对面访谈。
过去接种过季节性流感疫苗（比值比=5.18；95%置信区间：1.40至19.13）以及担心感染甲型H1N1流感会危及生命（比值比=4.09；95%置信区间：1.68至9.97），最能预测在新型流感大流行期间接种疫苗的意愿。它不受对机构表现评估的影响。
本研究结果未表明机构应对甲型H1N1流感大流行存在长期次要影响。结果突出了行为意图与行为不同这一事实，且前者不能简单地被视为后者的指标。对公共卫生的意义在过去几个世纪中，流感大流行发生频率较低，但由于全球化加剧以及航空旅行的重要性不断提高，预计未来其发生频率将会增加。近期的例子（埃博拉、甲型H1N1流感、严重急性呼吸综合征、禽流感）表明，最初局部的疾病爆发往往会成为引起国际关注的全球健康威胁。因此，国家和国际卫生当局被敦促提出应对此类健康危机的准备计划。然而，这些计划的成功高度依赖于公众的接受程度。为确保公众遵守建议的行动，需要进行有效的沟通。由于沟通在满足目标受众需求时最为成功，充分了解受众至关重要。本研究有助于公共卫生专家从行为和认知变量方面更好地理解决定人们在流感大流行期间接种疫苗意愿的变量。这些知识使他们在下次大流行性流感爆发进行沟通时能够正确解决公众的担忧。
