Gluckman Nicole S, Hawes David J, Russell Alex M T
School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
Child Psychiatry Hum Dev. 2016 Aug;47(4):583-92. doi: 10.1007/s10578-015-0593-4.
This study examined associations between childhood callous-unemotional (CU) traits and cognitive control using a conflict adaptation paradigm. Participants were (N = 158) children aged 9 to 12 years (M = 10.42, SD = 1.05; 57 % boys), who completed a modified color-word Stroop task. CU traits and conduct problems were indexed via self-reports on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire and the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits. CU traits were found to be uniquely associated with reduced conflict adaptation, however, this significant association was specific to boys. Conversely, conduct problems were associated with increased conflict adaptation, but among girls only. These findings contribute to evidence of atypical goal directed behavior in boys with CU traits by providing preliminary evidence that the specific impairments in cognitive control that characterize these boys include those concerning dynamic adjustments in cognitive control. Findings are discussed in relation to accounts of childhood CU traits based on the Response Modulation hypothesis.
本研究使用冲突适应范式，考察了儿童期冷酷无情（CU）特质与认知控制之间的关联。参与者为158名9至12岁的儿童（平均年龄M = 10.42，标准差SD = 1.05；57%为男孩），他们完成了一项经过修改的色词Stroop任务。通过《长处与困难问卷》和《冷酷无情特质量表》的自我报告来衡量CU特质和行为问题。研究发现，CU特质与冲突适应能力下降存在独特关联，不过，这一显著关联仅针对男孩。相反，行为问题与冲突适应能力增强有关，但仅在女孩中存在。这些发现为具有CU特质的男孩存在非典型目标导向行为提供了证据，初步证明这些男孩认知控制方面的特定缺陷包括与认知控制动态调整相关的缺陷。研究结果结合基于反应调节假说的儿童期CU特质理论进行了讨论。
