Serra Bonvehi J, Orantes Bermejo F J
Research and Development Department of Nederland Co., P.O. Box 34, 08890 Viladecans, Barcelona, Spain.
Apinevada Analytical Laboratory of Bee Products, Barrancos s/n, 18420 Lanjarón, Granada, Spain.
Food Chem. 2012 May 1;132(1):642-8. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.10.104. Epub 2011 Nov 7.
The physical and chemical parameters (melting point and saponification number), and the fraction of hydrocarbons, monoesters, acids and alcohols have been determined in 90 samples of Spanish commercial beeswax from Apis mellifera L. The adulteration with paraffins of different melting point, cow tallow, stearic acid, and carnauba wax were determined by HTGC-FID/MS detection, and the research was focussed mainly on paraffins and microcrystallines waxes. In general, the added adulterant can be identified by the presence of non-naturally beeswax components, and by the differences of values of selected components between pure and adulterated beeswax. The detection limits were determined using pure and adulterated beeswax with different amounts of added waxes (5%, 10%, 20% and 30%). Percentages higher than 1-5% of each adulterant can be detected in the mixtures. Paraffin waxes were confirmed in 33 of the 90 samples analysed at concentrations between 5% and 30%.
已对90份来自西班牙商业Apis mellifera L.蜂蜡样本的物理和化学参数（熔点和皂化值）以及碳氢化合物、单酯、酸和醇的比例进行了测定。通过高温气相色谱-火焰离子化检测/质谱法测定了不同熔点的石蜡、牛脂、硬脂酸和巴西棕榈蜡的掺假情况，研究主要集中在石蜡和微晶蜡上。一般来说，添加的掺假物可通过非天然蜂蜡成分的存在以及纯蜂蜡和掺假蜂蜡中选定成分值的差异来识别。使用添加了不同量蜡（5%、10%、20%和30%）的纯蜂蜡和掺假蜂蜡来确定检测限。混合物中每种掺假物含量高于1-5%时均可被检测到。在所分析的90个样本中，有33个样本确认含有浓度在5%至30%之间的石蜡。
