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檀香（檀香属植物）中的氨基酸，特别提及顺式-4-羟基-L-脯氨酸和对称高亚精胺。

Amino acids in sandal (Santalum album L) with special reference to cis-4-hydroxy-l-proline and sym. homospermidine.

作者信息

Kuttan Ramadasan, Panikkar Beena, Binitha Ponnamparambil Purushothaman

机构信息

Amala Cancer Research Centre, Amala Nagar, Thrissur, Kerala 680555 India.

出版信息

Springerplus. 2015 Sep 24;4:546. doi: 10.1186/s40064-015-1303-1. eCollection 2015.

DOI:10.1186/s40064-015-1303-1
PMID:26435892
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4582034/
Abstract

Sandal (Santalum album L) contains several interesting amino acids and amines which are not seen in other plants. This includes cis-4-hydroxy-l-proline in free form in leaves, flowers and seeds while trans-4-hydroxy-l-proline in bound form. Traces of 3, 4 dehydroproline is also detected in sandal leaves. Biosynthesis of cis-4-hydroxy proline indicates that hydroxylation taken place at proline present in peptidyl form especially bound to glutamic acid and aspartic acid. Pyrrolizidine-2-carboxylic acid an interesting isatin positive heterocyclic compound is also present in sandal leaves. Sandal also contains sym. homospermidine which is not present in any other plants till today. Biosynthesis of sym. homospermidine goes by a unique pathway of putrescine oxidation, Schiff base formation, condensation and reduction. Moreover sandal leaves contain γ-glutamyl derivative of the lachrymatory precursor of onion, γ-glutamyl-S-propenyl cysteine superoxide. This review summarizes the studies on the amino acids in sandal.

摘要

檀香（檀香紫檀）含有几种在其他植物中未见的有趣氨基酸和胺类。这包括在叶片、花朵和种子中以游离形式存在的顺式-4-羟基-L-脯氨酸，而反式-4-羟基-L-脯氨酸则以结合形式存在。在檀香叶中还检测到痕量的3,4-脱氢脯氨酸。顺式-4-羟基脯氨酸的生物合成表明，羟基化发生在肽基形式的脯氨酸上，尤其是与谷氨酸和天冬氨酸结合的脯氨酸。吡咯里西啶-2-羧酸，一种有趣的异吲哚酮阳性杂环化合物，也存在于檀香叶中。檀香还含有对称高亚精胺，直到今天在任何其他植物中都不存在。对称高亚精胺的生物合成通过腐胺氧化、席夫碱形成、缩合和还原的独特途径进行。此外，檀香叶含有洋葱催泪前体的γ-谷氨酰衍生物，γ-谷氨酰-S-丙烯基半胱氨酸超氧化物。本综述总结了对檀香中氨基酸的研究。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/298d/4582034/eb974ff5aa24/40064_2015_1303_Fig8_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/298d/4582034/781e30d23410/40064_2015_1303_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/298d/4582034/dc517c0aaa40/40064_2015_1303_Fig2_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/298d/4582034/50a5125d02c1/40064_2015_1303_Fig3_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/298d/4582034/f3b605f6cb07/40064_2015_1303_Fig4_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/298d/4582034/a711b1dc9e44/40064_2015_1303_Fig5_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/298d/4582034/5956e03970bc/40064_2015_1303_Fig6_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/298d/4582034/3d6d04c4ac8b/40064_2015_1303_Fig7_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/298d/4582034/eb974ff5aa24/40064_2015_1303_Fig8_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/298d/4582034/781e30d23410/40064_2015_1303_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/298d/4582034/dc517c0aaa40/40064_2015_1303_Fig2_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/298d/4582034/50a5125d02c1/40064_2015_1303_Fig3_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/298d/4582034/f3b605f6cb07/40064_2015_1303_Fig4_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/298d/4582034/a711b1dc9e44/40064_2015_1303_Fig5_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/298d/4582034/5956e03970bc/40064_2015_1303_Fig6_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/298d/4582034/3d6d04c4ac8b/40064_2015_1303_Fig7_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/298d/4582034/eb974ff5aa24/40064_2015_1303_Fig8_HTML.jpg

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本文引用的文献

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Biosynthesis of s-methyl-L-cysteine and s-methyl-L-cysteine sulfoxide from methionine in garlic.大蒜中由甲硫氨酸生物合成S-甲基-L-半胱氨酸和S-甲基-L-半胱氨酸亚砜
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The isolation of allohydroxy-L-proline from sandal (Santalum album L.).从檀香（檀香属白檀）中分离出别羟基-L-脯氨酸。
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The biosynthesis of cis-4-hydroxy-L-proline in sandal (Santalum album L.).檀香（Santalum album L.）中顺式-4-羟基-L-脯氨酸的生物合成。
Biochem J. 1970 May;117(5):1015-7. doi: 10.1042/bj1171015.
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The isolation and characterization of gamma-L-glutamyl-S-(trans-1-propenyl)-L-cysteine sulfoxide from sandal (Santalum album L). An interesting occurrence of sulfoxide diastereoisomers in nature.
Biochemistry. 1974 Oct 8;13(21):4394-400. doi: 10.1021/bi00718a024.
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Isolation and characterization of a hydroxyproline-containing protein from soluble extracts of the leaves of sandal (Santalum album L.).从檀香（Santalum album L.）叶片的可溶性提取物中分离和鉴定一种含羟脯氨酸的蛋白质。
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