Velki Mirna, Ečimović Sandra
Department of Biology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8/A, 31000 Osijek, Croatia.
Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2015 Nov;40(3):774-84. doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2015.09.009. Epub 2015 Sep 18.
The occurring climate changes will have direct consequences to all ecosystems, including the soil ecosystems. The effects of climate change include, among other, the changes in temperature and greater frequency and intensity of extreme weather conditions. Temperature is an important factor in ecotoxicological investigations since it can act as a stressor and influence the physiological status of organisms, as well as affect the fate and transport of pollutants present in the environment. However, most of so far conducted (eco)toxicological investigations neglected the possible effects of temperature and focused solely on the effects of toxicants on organisms. Considering that temperature can contribute to the toxicity of pollutants, it is of immense importance to investigate whether the change in the exposure temperature will impact the strength of the toxic effects of pollutants present in soil ecosystems. Therefore, in the present study the toxicity of several commonly used pesticides to earthworms was assessed under different exposure temperatures (15, 20 and 25°C). The results showed that changes in exposure temperature lead to changes in susceptibility of earthworms to particular pesticides. Namely, exposures to the same pesticide concentration at different temperatures lead to different toxicity responses. Increase in exposure temperature in most cases caused increase in toxicity, whereas decrease in temperature mostly caused decrease in toxicity. This preliminary study points to need for an in-depth investigation of mechanisms by which temperature affects the toxicity of pesticides and also provides important data for future research on the effects of temperature change on the soil ecosystems.
正在发生的气候变化将对包括土壤生态系统在内的所有生态系统产生直接影响。气候变化的影响包括温度变化以及极端天气状况出现的频率和强度增加等。温度是生态毒理学研究中的一个重要因素，因为它可以作为一种应激源，影响生物体的生理状态，还会影响环境中污染物的归宿和迁移。然而，迄今为止进行的大多数（生态）毒理学研究都忽略了温度可能产生的影响，仅关注有毒物质对生物体的影响。鉴于温度可能会增强污染物的毒性，研究暴露温度的变化是否会影响土壤生态系统中污染物的毒性强度至关重要。因此，在本研究中，评估了几种常用农药在不同暴露温度（15、20和25°C）下对蚯蚓的毒性。结果表明，暴露温度的变化会导致蚯蚓对特定农药的敏感性发生变化。也就是说，在不同温度下接触相同浓度的农药会导致不同的毒性反应。在大多数情况下，暴露温度升高会导致毒性增加，而温度降低则大多会导致毒性降低。这项初步研究指出有必要深入研究温度影响农药毒性的机制，也为未来关于温度变化对土壤生态系统影响的研究提供了重要数据。
