Rubin Mark, Kelly Benjamin M
The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.
Int J Equity Health. 2015 Oct 5;14:87. doi: 10.1186/s12939-015-0227-2.
This study tested a novel explanation for the positive relation between social class and mental health among university students. Students with a higher social class were expected to have experienced more authoritative and less authoritarian parenting styles; these parenting styles were expected to lead to greater friendship and social integration at university; and greater friendship and integration were expected to lead to better mental health.
To test this model, the researchers asked 397 Australian undergraduate students to complete an online survey. The research used a cross-sectional correlational design, and the data was analysed using bootstrapped multiple serial mediation tests.
Consistent with predictions, parenting style, general friendship and support, and social integration at university mediated the relation between social class and mental health.
The present results suggest that working-class parenting styles may inhibit the development of socially-supportive friendships that protect against mental health problems. The potential effectiveness of interventions based on (a) social integration and (b) parenting style is discussed. Future research in this area should employ a longitudinal research design in order to arrive at clearer causal conclusions about the relations between social class, parenting styles, friendship, social integration, and mental health.
本研究对大学生社会阶层与心理健康之间的正向关系进行了一种新的解释。社会阶层较高的学生预计经历过更多权威性和更少专制性的养育方式；这些养育方式预计会在大学中带来更深厚的友谊和更强的社会融合度；而更深厚的友谊和融合度预计会带来更好的心理健康。
为了验证这一模型，研究人员让397名澳大利亚本科生完成一项在线调查。该研究采用横断面相关设计，并使用自抽样多元序列中介检验对数据进行分析。
与预测一致，养育方式、总体友谊与支持以及大学中的社会融合在社会阶层与心理健康之间起到了中介作用。
目前的研究结果表明，工人阶级的养育方式可能会抑制有助于预防心理健康问题的社会支持性友谊的发展。文中讨论了基于（a）社会融合和（b）养育方式的干预措施的潜在有效性。该领域未来的研究应采用纵向研究设计，以便就社会阶层、养育方式、友谊、社会融合和心理健康之间的关系得出更清晰的因果结论。
