Choi Won S, Nazir Niaman, Pacheco Christina M, Filippi Melissa K, Pacheco Joseph, White Bull Julia, Nance Christi, Faseru Babalola, Greiner K Allen, Daley Christine Makosky
Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Center for American Indian Community Health, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS;
American Indian Health Research and Education Alliance, Inc, Kansas City, KS; Center for American Indian Community Health, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Department of Family Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS.
Nicotine Tob Res. 2016 Jun;18(6):1488-93. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntv226. Epub 2015 Oct 5.
American Indians (AIs) have the highest cigarette smoking rates of any racial/ethnic group in the United States. Although the overall smoking prevalence in the United States for nonminority populations has decreased over the past several decades, the same pattern is not observed among AIs. The purpose of this observational study was to collect cigarette smoking and related information from American Indian tribal college students to inform tailored interventions.
We conducted a repeated cross-sectional survey of American Indian tribal college students, Tribal College Tobacco and Behavior Survey (TCTABS), with a focus on recruiting all incoming freshman at three participating tribal colleges in the Midwest and Northern Plains regions. A total of 1256 students participated in the baseline surveys between April 2011 and October 2014.
The overall smoking prevalence of this sample was 34.7%, with differences by region (Northern Plains-44.0% and Midwest-28%). The majority, 87.5% of current smokers reported smoking 10 or less cigarettes per day, 41% reported smoking menthol cigarettes, 52% smoked Marlboro brand, and the mean age of their first cigarette was 14 years. The majority, 62% had made at least one quit attempt in the past year. The overwhelming majority of respondents, regardless of their smoking status, thought that the current smoking prevalence on campus was greater than 41% and approximately one-third believed that it was as high as 61%.
Very few studies of smoking have been conducted in this population and results from our study confirm the need for effective interventions.
AIs have the highest cigarette smoking rates compared to other racial/ethnic groups in the United States. Furthermore, limited studies have examined the epidemiology of cigarette smoking among tribal college students. This study addresses health disparities related to smoking among college students by examining the demographic, cultural, and environmental characteristics of smoking and quitting. Results from this study could lead to the development of a culturally-tailored smoking cessation and prevention program for American Indian tribal college students.
美国印第安人（AI）的吸烟率在美国所有种族/族裔群体中是最高的。尽管在过去几十年里，美国非少数族裔人群的总体吸烟率有所下降，但在印第安人中并未观察到同样的趋势。这项观察性研究的目的是收集美国印第安部落大学生的吸烟及相关信息，以便为量身定制的干预措施提供依据。
我们对美国印第安部落大学生开展了一项重复横断面调查，即部落学院烟草与行为调查（TCTABS），重点是招募中西部和北部平原地区三所参与调查的部落学院的所有入学新生。2011年4月至2014年10月期间，共有1256名学生参与了基线调查。
该样本的总体吸烟率为34.7%，不同地区存在差异（北部平原地区为44.0%，中西部地区为28%）。大多数（87.5%）当前吸烟者报告每天吸烟10支或更少，41%报告吸薄荷醇香烟，52%吸万宝路品牌香烟，他们首次吸烟的平均年龄为14岁。大多数（62%）在过去一年中至少尝试过一次戒烟。绝大多数受访者，无论其吸烟状况如何，都认为校园内当前的吸烟率高于41%，约三分之一的人认为高达61%。
针对该人群开展的吸烟研究非常少，我们的研究结果证实了采取有效干预措施的必要性。
与美国其他种族/族裔群体相比，美国印第安人的吸烟率最高。此外，对部落大学生吸烟流行病学的研究有限。本研究通过考察吸烟和戒烟的人口统计学、文化和环境特征，解决了与大学生吸烟相关的健康差异问题。本研究结果可能会促成针对美国印第安部落大学生的文化定制戒烟和预防计划的制定。
