Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844-2343 (USA).
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2015 Nov 23;54(48):14513-7. doi: 10.1002/anie.201507456. Epub 2015 Oct 8.
In the design of energetic materials, high energetic performance and good molecular stability are two main goals. Energetic functionalization which strives for maximum energy often results in unstable chemical bonds and causes safety problems in practical production and storage operations. In this work, N-nitro- and N-nitroamino-functionalized mono- and bis(1,2,4-triazoles) were synthesized and characterized by infrared, and multinuclear NMR spectra, and elemental analyses. The N-nitroamino-functionalization strategy was employed for bis(imidazole), leading to high density compound 14 (2.007 g cm(-3) at 100 K; 1.94 g cm(-3) at room temperature) and energetic salt 15. While N-nitro-functionalized products are thermally unstable and highly moisture sensitive, N-nitroamino-functionalized energetic salts, which are comprised of additional nitrogen-containing ions, exhibit good density, moderate to excellent structural stabilities, and high performance.
在高能材料的设计中，高能量性能和良好的分子稳定性是两个主要目标。为了追求最大能量的高能官能化往往会导致不稳定的化学键，并在实际生产和储存操作中引发安全问题。在这项工作中，通过红外光谱和多核 NMR 光谱以及元素分析，合成并表征了 N-硝基和 N-硝基氨基官能化的单和双（1,2,4-三唑）。采用 N-硝基氨基官能化策略合成双（咪唑），得到了高密度化合物 14（在 100 K 时为 2.007 g/cm(-3)；在室温下为 1.94 g/cm(-3)）和含能盐 15。虽然 N-硝基官能化产物热不稳定且对湿度高度敏感，但包含额外含氮离子的 N-硝基氨基官能化含能盐表现出良好的密度、适度至优异的结构稳定性和高性能。
