La Parra Casado Daniel, Gil González Diana, de la Torre Esteve María
a Department of Sociology II , Interuniversity Institute of Social Development and Peace (WHO Collaborating Centre on Social Inclusion and Health), University of Alicante , Alicante , Spain.
b Public Health Research Group, Department of Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine and Public Health and History of Science , University of Alicante , Alicante , Spain.
Ethn Health. 2016 Oct;21(5):468-79. doi: 10.1080/13557858.2015.1093096. Epub 2015 Oct 12.
To determine the social class gradient in health in general Spain population and the health status of the Spanish Roma.
The National Health Survey of Spanish Roma 2006 (sample size = 993 people; average age: 33.6 years; 53.1% women) and the National Health Surveys for Spain 2003 (sample size: 21,650 people; average age: 45.5 years; 51.2% women) and 2006 (sample size: 29,478 people; average age: 46 years; 50.7% women) are compared. Several indicators were chosen: self-perceived health, activity limitation, chronic diseases, hearing and sight problems, caries, and obesity. Analysis was based on age-standardised rates and logistic regression models.
According to most indicators, Roma's health is worse than that of social class IV-V (manual workers). Some indicators show a remarkable difference between Roma and social class IV-V: experiencing three or more health problems, sight problems, and caries, in both sexes, and hearing problems and obesity, in women.
Roma people are placed on an extreme position on the social gradient in health, a situation of extreme health inequality.
确定西班牙普通人群的健康状况社会阶层梯度以及西班牙罗姆人的健康状况。
比较2006年西班牙罗姆人全国健康调查（样本量 = 993人；平均年龄：33.6岁；女性占53.1%）与西班牙2003年（样本量：21,650人；平均年龄：45.5岁；女性占51.2%）和2006年（样本量：29,478人；平均年龄：46岁；女性占50.7%）的全国健康调查。选取了若干指标：自我感知健康、活动受限、慢性病、听力和视力问题、龋齿和肥胖。分析基于年龄标准化率和逻辑回归模型。
根据大多数指标，罗姆人的健康状况比社会阶层IV - V（体力劳动者）更差。一些指标显示罗姆人与社会阶层IV - V之间存在显著差异：两性中出现三种或更多健康问题、视力问题和龋齿，女性中存在听力问题和肥胖。
罗姆人在健康状况的社会梯度上处于极端位置，这是一种极端的健康不平等状况。
