Wood Alexander MacDonald, Brock Timothy M, Heil Kieran, Holmes Rachel, Weusten Axel
Trauma and Orthopaedics, Wansbeck Hospital, Woodhorn Road, Ashington NE63 9JJ, UK.
University of Glasgow Medical School, Glasgow, Scotland, UK.
Int J Chronic Dis. 2013;2013:845015. doi: 10.1155/2013/845015. Epub 2013 Sep 28.
Arthritis is the most common chronic condition affecting patients over the age of 70. The prevalence of osteoarthritis increases with age, and with an aging population, the effect of this disease will represent an ever-increasing burden on health care. The knee is the most common joint affected in osteoarthritis, with up to 41% of limb arthritis being located in the knee, compared to 30% in hands and 19% in hips. We review the current concepts with regard to the disease process and risk factors for developing hip and knee osteoarthritis. We then explore the nonsurgical management of osteoarthritis as well as the operative management of hip and knee arthritis. We discuss the indications for surgical treatment of hip and knee arthritis, looking in particular at the controversies affecting young and obese patients in both hip and knee replacements. Patient and implant related outcomes along with survivorships are addressed as well as the experiences and controversies described in national joint registries.
关节炎是影响70岁以上患者的最常见慢性病。骨关节炎的患病率随年龄增长而增加，随着人口老龄化，这种疾病的影响将给医疗保健带来日益加重的负担。膝关节是骨关节炎中最常受累的关节，肢体关节炎中高达41%位于膝关节，相比之下，手部为30%，髋部为19%。我们回顾了有关髋膝关节骨关节炎发病过程和危险因素的当前概念。然后，我们探讨骨关节炎的非手术治疗以及髋膝关节关节炎的手术治疗。我们讨论髋膝关节关节炎手术治疗的适应症，特别关注髋膝关节置换术中影响年轻和肥胖患者的争议。还讨论了患者和植入物相关的结果以及生存率，以及国家关节登记处描述的经验和争议。
