Pereira Samir, Curado Maria Paula, Ribeiro Ana Maria Quinteiro
Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, BR.
Registro de Câncer de Base Populacional de Goiânia, Goiânia, GO, BR.
Rev Saude Publica. 2015;49:64. doi: 10.1590/S0034-8910.2015049005777. Epub 2015 Oct 9.
OBJECTIVE To describe the trend for malignant skin neoplasms in subjects under 40 years of age in a region with high ultraviolet radiation indices.METHODS A descriptive epidemiological study on melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancers that was conducted in Goiania, Midwest Brazil, with 1,688 people under 40 years of age, between 1988 and 2009. Cases were obtained fromRegistro de Câncer de Base Populacional de Goiânia(Goiania's Population-Based Cancer File). Frequency, trends, and incidence of cases with single and multiple lesions were analyzed; transplants and genetic skin diseases were found in cases with multiple lesions.RESULTS Over the period, 1,995 skin cancer cases were observed to found, of which 1,524 (90.3%) cases had single lesions and 164 (9.7%) had multiple lesions. Regarding single lesions, incidence on men was observed to have risen from 2.4 to 3.1/100,000 inhabitants; it differed significantly for women, shifting from 2.3 to 5.3/100,000 (Annual percentage change - [APC] 3.0%, p = 0.006). Regarding multiple lesions, incidence on men was observed to have risen from 0.30 to 0.98/100,000 inhabitants; for women, it rose from 0.43 to 1.16/100,000 (APC 8.6%, p = 0.003). Genetic skin diseases or transplants were found to have been correlated with 10.0% of cases with multiple lesions - an average of 5.1 lesions per patient. The average was 2.5 in cases without that correlation.CONCLUSIONS Skin cancer on women under 40 years of age has been observed to be increasing for both cases with single and multiple lesions. It is not unusual to find multiple tumors in young people - in most cases, they are not associated with genetic skin diseases or transplants. It is necessary to avoid excessive exposure to ultraviolet radiation from childhood.
目的 描述紫外线辐射指数较高地区40岁以下人群恶性皮肤肿瘤的发病趋势。方法 对巴西中西部戈亚尼亚市1988年至2009年间1688名40岁以下人群的黑色素瘤和非黑色素瘤皮肤癌进行描述性流行病学研究。病例来自戈亚尼亚市基于人群的癌症登记处（戈亚尼亚市人群癌症档案）。分析了单发和多发皮损病例的频率、趋势和发病率；在多发皮损病例中发现了移植和遗传性皮肤病。结果 在此期间，共观察到1995例皮肤癌病例，其中1524例（90.3%）为单发皮损，164例（9.7%）为多发皮损。关于单发皮损，男性发病率从2.4/10万居民上升至3.1/10万居民；女性差异显著，从2.3/10万居民升至5.3/10万居民（年度百分比变化-[APC]3.0%，p = 0.006）。关于多发皮损，男性发病率从0.30/10万居民升至0.98/10万居民；女性从0.43/10万居民升至1.16/10万居民（APC 8.6%，p = 0.003）。发现遗传性皮肤病或移植与10.0%的多发皮损病例相关——平均每位患者有5.1个皮损。无此相关性的病例平均为2.5个。结论 观察到40岁以下女性单发和多发皮损的皮肤癌均呈上升趋势。年轻人出现多发肿瘤并不罕见——在大多数情况下，它们与遗传性皮肤病或移植无关。有必要从儿童时期就避免过度暴露于紫外线辐射。
