Özbaş Azize Atli, Tel Havva
Hacettepe University Nursing Faculty,Psychiatric Nursing Department,Ankara,Turkey.
Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Health Sciences,Psychiatric Nursing Department,Sivas,Turkey.
Palliat Support Care. 2016 Aug;14(4):393-401. doi: 10.1017/S1478951515001121. Epub 2015 Oct 15.
Oncology nursing is stressful by its nature, and nurses in the field experience a high amount of stress and burnout. In order to cope with occupational stress, nurses need to employ flexible adjustment mechanisms that allow them the power to process their experiences. Failure of efficient stress management causes burnout, and burnout is closely related to powerlessness. It is therefore believed that the occurrence of burnout can be reduced by means of psychological empowerment of nurses. Our study was conducted to determine the effect of a "psychodrama-based psychological empowerment program" on (1) the perception of empowerment and (2) the levels of burnout in oncology nurses.
The sample was made up of 82 oncology nurses (38 nurses in the study group and 44 in the control/comparison group). Study data were collected using the Psychological Empowerment Scale, the Nurse Work Empowerment Scale, and Maslach's Burnout Inventory. The study group attended a "psychodrama-based psychological empowerment program" (2 hours, 1 day a week, for 10 weeks). For data assessment, we employed an independent t test and one-way analysis of variance.
The psychological empowerment and workplace empowerment scores of nurses in the study group increased and their burnout scores decreased following attendance in the psychodrama-based psychological empowerment program.
We found that the psychodrama-based psychological empowerment program increased psychological empowerment and enhanced perception of workplace empowerment while decreasing levels of burnout in oncology nurses. The program is recommended and should allow oncology nurses to benefit from their personal experiences and thus increase self-empowerment, to enhance their perception of empowerment, and to prevent burnout.
肿瘤护理工作本身压力巨大，该领域的护士承受着高度的压力和职业倦怠。为应对职业压力，护士需要采用灵活的调整机制，以便能够处理自身经历。有效的压力管理失败会导致职业倦怠，而职业倦怠与无力感密切相关。因此，人们认为通过增强护士的心理授权可以减少职业倦怠的发生。我们开展这项研究的目的是确定“基于心理剧的心理授权项目”对（1）肿瘤护士的授权感认知和（2）职业倦怠水平的影响。
样本由82名肿瘤护士组成（研究组38名护士，对照组/比较组44名护士）。使用心理授权量表、护士工作授权量表和马氏职业倦怠量表收集研究数据。研究组参加了一个“基于心理剧的心理授权项目”（每周1天，每次2小时，共10周）。对于数据评估，我们采用独立t检验和单因素方差分析。
参加基于心理剧的心理授权项目后，研究组护士的心理授权和工作场所授权得分增加，职业倦怠得分降低。
我们发现，基于心理剧的心理授权项目增强了肿瘤护士的心理授权，提高了对工作场所授权的认知，同时降低了职业倦怠水平。推荐该项目，它应能让肿瘤护士从个人经历中受益，从而增强自我授权，提高对授权的认知，并预防职业倦怠。
