MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2015 Oct 16;64(40):1129-35. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6440a1.
What is already known on this topic? Quitting smoking is beneficial to health at any age, and cigarette smokers who quit before age 35 years have mortality rates similar to those of persons who never smoked. What is added by this report?During 2001–2010, the proportion of adult cigarette smokers who had made a quit attempt in the past year increased significantly in 29 states and the U.S. Virgin Islands. During 2011–2013, the proportion who had made a quit attempt increased in Hawaii and Puerto Rico and decreased in New Mexico. In 2013, the proportion who had made a quit attempt ranged from 56.2% (Kentucky) to 76.4% (Puerto Rico and Guam) with a median of 65.9%, and was generally lower in older age groups. What are the implications for public health practice? Continued implementation of effective evidence-based public health interventions can reduce the health and costs impacts of smoking-related disease and death and accelerate progress toward meeting the Healthy People 2020 target to increase to ≥80% the proportion of U.S. adult cigarette smokers who made a quit attempt in the past year. These interventions include increasing the price of tobacco products, implementing comprehensive smoke-free laws, conducting educational mass media campaigns, and providing insurance coverage for all effective cessation treatments as well as access to quitlines.
这一主题的已知内容是什么？任何年龄戒烟都有益于健康，35 岁之前戒烟的烟民其死亡率与从不吸烟者相似。本报告有何新增内容？2001 至 2010 年期间，在 29 个州和美属维尔京群岛，过去一年尝试过戒烟的成年烟民比例显著增加。2011 至 2013 年期间，夏威夷和波多黎各的这一比例有所增加，而新墨西哥州则有所下降。2013 年，过去一年尝试过戒烟的比例范围为 56.2%（肯塔基州）至 76.4%（波多黎各和美属关岛），中位数为 65.9%，且通常在年龄较大的人群中较低。这对公共卫生实践有何意义？继续实施有效的基于证据的公共卫生干预措施，可以减少与吸烟相关的疾病和死亡对健康和成本的影响，并加速实现“健康人民 2020 年目标”的进展，即提高过去一年中尝试过戒烟的美国成年烟民比例至≥80%。这些干预措施包括提高烟草产品价格、实施全面无烟法律、开展教育性大众媒体运动，以及为所有有效的戒烟治疗以及获得戒烟热线提供保险覆盖。
